老年性聋时域间隔感知能力特征分析  

Temporal Interval Perception in Patients with Presbycusis

作　　者：任晓倩 兰兰[2,3] 于澜 王洪阳[2,3,4] 王秋菊 REN Xiaoqian;LAN Lan;YU Lan;WANG Hongyang;WANG Qiuju(Zhejiang Chinese Medical University,Hangzhou 310053;Department of Otolaryngology head and Neck Surgery,The Sixth Medical Center,PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100853;National Clinical Medical Center for Otolaryngology,Beijing 100853;Chinese PLA Medical School,Beijing 100853)

机构地区：[1]浙江中医药大学,杭州310053 [2]解放军总医院第六医学中心耳鼻咽喉头颈外科医学部,北京100853 [3]国家耳鼻咽喉疾病临床医学中心,北京100853 [4]解放军医学院,北京100853

出　　处：《中华耳科学杂志》2022年第6期904-908,共5页Chinese Journal of Otology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“主动健康和老龄化科技应对”重点专项(2020YFC2005201);国家自然科学基金面上项目(82271189,82271171,82171130)。

摘　　要：目的分析老年性聋患者的时域间隔感知能力,为其临床研究提供参考。方法选取老年性聋患者38例作为研究对象,以非老年的感音神经性聋患者15例以及听力正常青年33例作为对照,分别对其进行纯音测听、最大言语识别率(phonetically balanced maximum,PBmax)测试和听觉时域间隔感知阈值测试(temporal gap detection test,TGDT),获得双耳平均听阈(pure-tone audiometry,PTA)、PBmax和TGDT阈值。结果三组TGDT阈值有显著差异(H=9.163,P<0.01),其中老年性聋显著高于感音神经性聋和正常青年组(H=19.267/24.470,P<0.05)。老年性聋组TGDT阈值与年龄、听力损失呈正相关(rs=0.235/0.268/0.281,P<0.05),其中≥80岁组TGDT阈值明显高于60~69岁和70~79岁组(H=-20.750/-20.812,P<0.05),轻度听力损失程度组TGDT阈值明显低于中度和中重度及以上组(H=-19.846/-17.912,P<0.05)。结论老年性聋患者时域间隔感知能力显著减弱,且年龄、听力损失为影响因素。TGDT联合言语测听可为老年性聋的鉴别诊断提供一定参考依据。Objective To report changes of temporal interval perception in patients with presbycusis to advance clinical research.Methods Patients with presbycusis(n=38)were selected as the research objects,and 15 non-elderly patients with sensorineural hearing loss and 33 young subjects with normal hearing were used as controls.All the participants completed pure-tone audiometry,phonetically balanced maximum(PBmax)test and temporal gap detection test(TGDT).The pure-tone average hearing threshold(PTA),PBmax and TGDT thresholds were compared among groups.Results TGDT thresholds were significantly different among the three groups(H=9.163,P<0.01),with that of presbycusis patients significantly higher than the other two groups(H=19.267/24.470,P<0.05)and positively correlated with age and degree of hearing loss(rs=0.235/0.268/0.281,P<0.05).TGDT thresholds in patients older than 80 years were significantly higher than those in patients 60~69 years or 70~79 years of age(H=-20.750/-20.812,P<0.05).TGDT thresholds in patients with mild hearing loss were significantly lower than those in patients with moderate,moderate to severe or greater degrees of hearing loss(H=-19.846/-17.912,P<0.05).Conclusion Temporal interval perception capability is significantly reduced in presbycusis with age and level of hearing loss being influencing factors.TGDT,combined with speech audiometry,may facilitate differential diagnosis of presbycusis.

关 键 词：老年性聋 时域间隔感知阈值测试 最大言语识别率 

分 类 号：R764[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]