“黑洞”喻说与黑人女性的性“沉默政治”——伊芙琳·哈蒙兹的黑人女权主义性批评  

The Trope of “Black Hole” and “Politics of Silence”:Evelynn Hammonds’ Criticism on Black Female Sexuality

作　　者：孟萍[1] 谭惠娟[2,3] MENG Ping;TAN Huijuan

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学外国语学院 [2]杭州电子科技大学外语学院 [3]杭州电子科技大学非洲及美国非裔文学研究院

出　　处：《广东外语外贸大学学报》2022年第6期74-82,158,共10页Journal of Guangdong University of Foreign Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大课题“《美国非裔文学史》翻译与研究”(13&ZD127);浙江省哲学社会科学规划年度课题“弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫小说中的交通工具研究”(22NDJC078YB)。

摘　　要：哈佛大学科学史教授兼系主任、非洲及美国非裔文学研究教授伊芙琳·哈蒙兹(Evelynn Hammonds)是20世纪后期为数不多的具有女权主义视角的黑人女性科学家。在哈蒙兹的科学研究中蕴藏着强烈的人文诉求,她不仅善于从科学的角度揭示种族歧视的错误医学和生物学根源、书写美国非裔种族的命运,更善于以一个女权主义学者的身份呼吁社会对有色女性的关注,尤其是黑人女同性恋和黑人女性艾滋病患者。本文认为,哈蒙兹试图从“黑洞”喻说与黑人女性的性“沉默政治”等角度探讨黑人女性的性话语世界,就像宇宙中的黑洞,表面看起来空洞无物,而其内部却暗流涌动,异常活跃;黑人女性想要建构性主体,必须重新思考自己的话语表达方式,形成新的“表达政治”,以改变黑人女性的身体和性话语处于被边缘化和被忽略的窘境。在当今美国社会,种族歧视依然十分严重,无论是在科学界还是在人文界,传统男性黑人在白人眼里是无形人,而黑人女性则是隐身人。Evelynn Hammonds,a professor from the History of Science and of African and African American Studies of Harvard and Chair of the Department of the History of Science,is one of the few black woman scientists with feminist perspective in the late 20thcentury. She has expressed very strong humanistic pursuit in her scientific research. She has made great contribution to revealing how the conception of racial differences penetrate into American medical and scientific research,as well as the wrong medical and biological foundation of racial differences. Hammonds also tries to call for the society’s attention to women of colors,especially the black homosexual female and the black women in the AIDS epidemic. This article tends to present Hammonds’ ideas on black female sexuality from the perspective of the trope of“black hole”and“Politics of Silence”. The world of black female sexuality is similar to the existence of black hole,from the surface of which it looks empty and void,so does the black woman sexuality discourse. However,from inside,it is full of active interactions. However,African American women must learn to articulate their sexuality to form“politics of articulation”instead of“politics of silence”,so as to realize their sexual subjectivity and change their dilemma of being marginalized both in their body and sexual discourses.

关 键 词：黑人女性性话语 黑洞喻说 “沉默政治” “伪装文化” 

分 类 号：I106.4[文学—世界文学]