宽频处理技术在岩性目标成像中的应用  

Application of broadband processing technology in lithologic target imaging

作　　者：张颢 刘倩 乔小玲 Zhang Hao;Liu Qian;Qiao Xiaoling(Sinopec,Jianghan Oilfield Branch Exploration and Development Research Institute,Wuhan 430400)

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工江汉油田分公司勘探开发研究院,湖北武汉430400

出　　处：《石化技术》2022年第11期125-127,共3页Petrochemical Industry Technology

摘　　要：针对复兴地区岩性勘探目标区薄砂体和复杂小断裂等地质目标的精细识别需求,基于“两宽一高”地震采集资料,开展了宽频处理技术研究。首先,采用球面扩散补偿技术较好地解决了近地表的吸收衰减问题;其次,利用小尺度倍频程振幅补偿技术拓宽高、低频端振幅,通过地表一致性反褶积技术最大限度压缩子波,Q体补偿进一步拓宽了资料频宽,有效提高地震数据的纵横向分辨率;在此基础上开展OVT域叠前时间偏移,通过对偏移道集进行方位各向异性时差校正,提频等优化处理改善叠前道集品质,为叠前反演油气检测奠定良好的资料基础;最终,利用叠后零相位反褶积和蓝色滤波等技术进一步提高地震剖面分辨率。复兴工区资料处理效果明显,该宽频处理流程显著拓展了地震资料的频带宽度,提高了剖面分辨率,对薄砂体储层和小尺度断裂的刻画更加清晰。In order to meet the needs of fine identification of geological targets such as thin sand bodies and complex small faults in the lithologic exploration target area of Fuxing block,broadband processing technology is studied based on seismic acquisition data of“two widths and one height”.Firstly,the spherical diffusion compensation technology is used to solve the problem of absorption attenuation near the surface.Secondly,the high and low frequency amplitudes are broadened by using the small-scale octave amplitude compensation technique,the wavelet is compressed to the maximum by using the surface consistent deconvolution technique,and the Q-volume compensation further widens the data bandwidth and effectively improves the vertical and horizontal resolution of seismic data.On this basis,pre-stack time migration in OVT domain is carried out,and the quality of pre-stack track set is improved by azimuth-anisotropic time difference correction and frequency improvement,which lays a good data foundation for pre-stack inversion oil and gas detection.Finally,zero-phase post-stack deconvolution and blue filtering are used to further improve seismic profile resolution.The data processing effect is obvious in Fuxing Area.The broadband processing process significantly expands the frequency band width of seismic data,improves the profile resolution,and characterizes thin sand reservoirs and small-scale faults more clearly.

关 键 词：复兴连片处理 复杂岩性体 复杂小断裂 宽频处理技术 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]