儿童哮喘合并阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的影响因素研究  

Study of factors influencing asthma combined with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome in children

作　　者：周芳[1] ZHOU Fang(Pediatric Department,Jiangmen Maternity and Child Health Hospital,Jiangmen 529000,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省江门市妇幼保健院儿科,529000

出　　处：《中国实用医药》2022年第25期56-59,共4页China Practical Medicine

摘　　要：目的 研究儿童哮喘合并阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)发生的影响因素。方法 107例哮喘患儿,其中33例合并OSAHS患儿作为A组,另74例单纯哮喘患儿作为B组。统计并对比A组和B组的一般资料、A组中不同严重程度患儿的一般资料,分析哮喘合并OSAHS的影响因素。结果 两组性别、年龄、第1秒用力呼气容积占预计值的百分比(FEV1%pred)、肺总量占预计值的百分比(TLC%pred)、峰值呼气流量占预计值的百分比(PEF%pred)、第1秒用力呼气容积占用力肺活量比值(FEV1/FVC)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);A组体质量指数(27.66±1.25)kg/m^(2)、过敏性鼻炎占比39.4%(13/33)高于B组的(23.40±1.09)kg/m^(2)、18.9%(14/74),深吸气量占预计值的百分比(IC%pred)(85.11±8.26)%、最大呼气中段流量占预计值的百分比(MMEF%pred)(49.67±5.34)%、FEV1下降20%的累计激发剂量(PD_(20)FEV1)(0.30±0.08)mg低于B组的(94.36±10.17)%、(65.38±6.81)%、(0.54±0.17)mg,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。轻度、中度、重度患儿性别、年龄、FEV1%pred、TLC%pred、PEF%pred、FEV1/FVC比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);轻度、中度、重度患儿体质量指数、IC%pred、MMEF%pred、PD_(20)FEV1、过敏性鼻炎占比比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,体质量指数、IC%pred、MMEF%pred、PD_(20)FEV1、过敏性鼻炎是哮喘合并OSAHS的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 儿童哮喘合并OSAHS的风险较高,影响二者合并发生的影响因素较多,应受到临床重点关注。Objective To study the factors influencing asthma combined with obstructive sleep apneahypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) in children.Methods Among 107 children with asthma,33 children with OSAHS were selected as group A,and the other 74 children with asthma alone were selected as group B.The general data of group A and group B as well as the general data of children with different severity in group A were counted and compared,and the factors affecting asthma complicated with OSAHS were analyzed.Results Both groups were compared in terms of gender,age,percentage of forced expiratory volume in the 1st second to predicted value(FEV1%pred),percentage of total lung capacity to predicted value (TLC%pred),percentage of peak expiratory flow to predicted value (PEF%pred),forced expiratory volume in the 1st second/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC),and the differences were not statistically significant (P>0.05).In group A,the body weight was (27.66±1.25) kg/m^(2),and the proportion of allergic rhinitis was 18.9%(14/74),which were higher than (23.40±1.09) kg/m^(2) and 39.4%(13/33) in group B;the percentage of inspiratory capacity to the predicted value (IC%pred) was (85.11±8.26)%,the percentage of the maximum mid-expiratory flow to the predicted value (MMEF%pred) was (49.67±5.34)%,the provocation dose that caused a 20%fall in FEV1 (PD_(20)FEV1) was (0.30±0.08) mg,which were lower than(94.36±10.17)%,(65.38±6.81)%and (0.54±0.17) mg in group B;the differences were all statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in gender,age,FEV1%pred,TLC%pred,PEF%pred,FEV1/FVC among children with mild,moderate,and severe disease (P>0.05).The differences were statistically significant (P<0.05) when comparing body mass index,IC%pred,MMEF%pred,PD_(20)FEV1,and the percentage of allergic rhinitis in children with mild,moderate,and severe disease.Logistic regression analysis showed that body mass,IC%pred,MMEF%pred,PD_(20)FEV1,and allergic rhinitis were influencing factors for asthma complicating OSAHS (P<0.05).

关 键 词：哮喘 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征 儿童 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科] R766[医药卫生—临床医学]