机采血小板采集失败的原因及其干预策略分析  

Causes and intervention strategies of platelet collection failure in machine-harvested platelets

作　　者：王利华[1] WANG Lihua(Department of Blood Collection,Center Blood Station of Jining City,Shandong Province,Jining272000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省济宁市中心血站采血部,山东济宁272000

出　　处：《中国当代医药》2022年第34期187-189,共3页China Modern Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨机采血小板采集失败的原因及其干预策略。方法回顾性分析2019年2月至2021年2月济宁市中心血站机采血小板11850名献血者的临床资料。采用全自动血细胞计数仪测定血常规各项指标,采用生化分析仪测定丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT),采用ABO试剂测定血型;依据Trima、Amicus型机采血小板操作规程进行血小板采集。统计机采血小板采集失败发生率,分析机采血小板采集失败的原因。结果11850名献血者中机采血小板采集失败64名,机采血小板采集失败发生率为0.54%(64/11850);献血反应、血小板冲红、采血部位血肿、乳糜血、耗材质量及机械故障为导致机采血小板采集失败原因,发生率分别为45.31%、17.19%、15.63%、12.50%、6.25%、3.13%。结论机采血小板采集失败的原因主要包括献血反应、血小板冲红、采血部位血肿、乳糜血、耗材质量及机械故障等,故需要强化工作人员操作培训,并加强对献血者的筛选及检测,有利于减少血液报废率,为临床用血质量及献血者的安全提供保障。Objective To explore the reasons for the failure of machine-collected platelet collection and its intervention strategies.Methods A retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 11850 blood donors with platelets collected by Center Blood Station of Jining City from February 2019 to February 2021 was retrospectively analyzed.A fully automatic blood cell counter was used to determine blood routine indicators,a biochemical analyzer was used to determine alanine aminotransferase(ALT),and ABO reagents were used to determine blood type;platelet collection was performed according to the Trima and Amicus machine platelet collection operating procedures.Calculate the incidence of failure of machine-collected platelet collection,and analyze the reasons for the failure of machine-collected platelet collection.Results Among the 11850 blood donors,64 cases of platelet collection failed by machine-collected platelet,the incidence of platelet collection failed by machine-collected platelet was 0.54%(64/11850).The reasons leading to the failure of machine-collected platelet collection were 45.31%,17.19%,15.63%,12.50%,6.25%,and 3.13%,respectively.Conclusion The main reasons for the failure of machine-collected platelet collection include blood donation reaction,platelet flushing,hematoma at the blood collection site,chyloemia,quality of consumables,and mechanical failure.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen the training of staff and strengthen the screening and testing of blood donors.It is helpful to reduce the blood rejection rate,and provides guarantee for the quality of clinical blood and the safety of blood donors.

关 键 词：机采血小板 采集失败原因 干预策略 献血 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]