工业化转型与农村土地产权制度的历史变迁——基于敞田制到圈地制与家庭承包责任制到三权分置的比较  

Industrialization Transition and Historical Changes of Rural Land Property Rights Institution:A Comparison of the Reform of Open Field System and Household Responsibility System

作　　者：黄少安[1] 谢冬水 Huang Shaoan;Xie Dongshui

机构地区：[1]山东大学经济研究院,济南250100 [2]湖南工商大学经济与贸易学院,长沙410205

出　　处：《中国经济史研究》2022年第6期167-182,共16页Researches in Chinese Economic History

摘　　要：本文基于英国敞田制到圈地制与中国家庭承包责任制到三权分置土地制度变迁的比较,发现以工业化为核心内容的经济社会转型过程中,农村土地产权变迁具有基本的规律:无论一国土地产权制度的初始安排如何,因为工业化、城市化、市场化和农业产业化引致对土地非农用途的巨大需求,使其作为基本动力,驱动农村土地产权制度朝着明晰产权主体、保障土地转让权、方便土地流转的方向演进。尽管中国和英国土地产权制度的初始状态和变迁过程中的具体称谓有所不同,但它们变迁背后的推动力量和演变方向是一致的,都是为应对工业化转型而作出的反应,最终建立起能够适应工业化转型要求、最大限度促进土地流转的产权制度。通过构建包含工业化转型和土地产权变迁的一般均衡模型,进一步证明了工业化转型是推动农村土地产权制度向有利于土地流转方向演变的重要因素。Based on the perspective of historical comparison between the changes of open field system to enclosure system in Britain and household responsibility system to three-rights separation in China,this paper find that the change of rural land property rights has a basic law in the process of economic and social transformation with industrialization as the core content,which regardless of the initial arrangement of the land property right,because of industrialization,urbanization,marketization and agricultural industrialization lead to the huge demand for land non-agricultural purposes,so as a basic driving force,it will lead to the evolution of the rural land property right system toward to clarify the subject of property rights,protect land transfer right and promote land circulation.Although the initial state and the specific appellation in the process of change of land property rights in China and Britain are different,the driving force and evolution direction are the same,and finally establish the land property right system that can meet the requirements of industrialization transition and contribute to land transfer.By constructing a general equilibrium model including industrialization transition and land property rights change,it further proves the relationship between industrialization transition and the change of rural land property rights system.

关 键 词：工业化转型 土地产权变迁 敞田制与圈地制 家庭承包责任制与三权分置 

分 类 号：F321.1[经济管理—产业经济] F424