中国水稻主产区白叶枯病菌致病型分析及近等基因系鉴别寄主的构建  

Pathotype Analysis of Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae in Main Rice Producing Regions of China and Establishment of Differential Hosts of Near-Isogenic Lines

作　　者：冯爱卿[1] 汪聪颖[1] 张梅英 陈炳[1] 封金奇 陈凯玲[1] 汪文娟[1] 杨健源[1] 苏菁[1] 曾列先[1] 陈深[1] 朱小源[1] FENG AiQing;WANG CongYing;ZHANG MeiYing;CHEN Bing;FENG JinQi;CHEN KaiLing;WANG WenJuan;YANG JianYuan;SU Jing;ZENG LieXian;CHEN Shen;ZHU XiaoYuan(Plant Protection Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection,Guangzhou 510640)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所/广东省植物保护新技术重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2022年第21期4175-4195,共21页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家水稻产业技术体系(CARS-01-35);国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0300707);广东省现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(2021KJ105);广东省农业科学院学科团队建设项目(201613TD,202116TD);广东省自然科学基金面上项目(2021A1515012497);广东省农业科学院协同创新中心项目(XT202211)。

摘　　要：【目的】分析中国不同稻区白叶枯病菌(Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae)致病型,建立近等基因系鉴别寄主,为白叶枯病菌群体结构田间实时准确监测、抗性品种应用以及抗病育种提供科学依据。【方法】利用中国鉴别寄主、IR24以及15个抗白叶枯病近等基因系等共21个鉴别寄主,采用人工剪叶接种方法,对2018-2021年采自广东、广西、海南、浙江、湖南、辽宁、云南共7个省(自治区)的954个单菌落分离菌株进行致病型测定,探明白叶枯病菌致病型种类、分布及毒性分化;基于测试菌株与15个近等基因系及IR24的抗感互作,应用主成分因子分析法,开展近等基因系与病菌互作的变量因子分析,构建白叶枯病菌致病型近等基因系鉴别寄主;基于抗病基因与测试菌株的抗感反应,分析抗病基因聚合效应。【结果】954个测试菌株在中国鉴别寄主上鉴定出11个致病型,包括SRRRR(Ⅰ)、SSRRR(Ⅱ)、SSSRR(Ⅲ)、SSSSR(Ⅳ)、SSRRS(V)、SRSRR(Ⅵ)、SSSSS(Ⅸ)、SSSRS(新型1)、SRSRS(新型2)、SRSSS(新型3)以及SSRSS(新型4),占测试菌株的比率分别为11.53%、4.82%、7.34%、6.18%、7.23%、1.05%、59.96%、1.57%、0.10%、0.10%、0.10%。Ⅸ型菌作为致病性最广的强毒菌系已上升为华南和长江中下游湖南和浙江稻区的优势致病型,西南稻区的云南以Ⅳ型菌为主,东北稻区的辽宁以I型菌为主。15个水稻抗白叶枯病近等基因系对954个菌株的抗感性分析结果表明,测试的15个近等基因系可分为5种类型,第Ⅰ类为高感基因系,包括IRBB1、IRBB2、IRBB10、IRBB11、IRBB4;第Ⅱ类为中感基因系,包括IRBB3、IRBB203、IRBB14;第Ⅲ类为中抗基因系,包括IRBB8、IRBB13;第Ⅳ类为抗病基因系,有IRBB21;第Ⅴ类为高抗基因系,包括IRBB5、IRBB7、CBB23、GDBB23;测试菌株中,出现可侵染抗病基因xa5的有42个、Xa7的有34个、Xa23的有31个。对以白叶枯病近等基因系为主的16个品种(系)与954个菌株组成�【Objective】The pathotypes of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae(Xoo) in diverse rice regions in China were analyzed,and the differential hosts of near-isogenic lines(NILs) were established to provide a scientific basis for accurate field monitoring of Xoo population, application of resistant varieties and breeding of resistant varieties against rice bacterial blight.【Method】To explore virulence diversity and distribution of pathotypes of Xoo, the pathotypes of 954 single colony strains collected from Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Zhejiang, Hunan, Liaoning and Yunnan provinces(Autonomous Region) from 2018 to 2021 were identified by artificial leaf-cutting inoculation on 21 differential hosts including Chinese differential hosts, IR24 and 15 bacterial blight NILs. Based on the resistant and susceptible interactions among the tested Xoo strains, 15 NILs and IR24, the principal component analysis(PCA) was used to analyze the variable factors of which help abstraction of the candidate differentials. Based on the resistant and susceptible interactions between resistance genes and tested strains, the pyramiding effect of resistance genes was analyzed.【Result】The tested 954 Xoo strains were divided into 11 pathotypes including SRRRR(Ⅰ), SSRRR(Ⅱ), SSSRR(Ⅲ), SSSSR(Ⅳ), SSRRS(Ⅴ), SRSRR(Ⅵ), SSSSS(Ⅸ), SSSRS(new pathotype 1), SRSRS(new pathotype 2), SRSSS(new pathotype 3) and SSRSS(new pathotype 4) based on Chinese differential hosts. The percentage of each pathotype mentioned above was 11.53%, 4.82%, 7.34%, 6.18%, 7.23%, 1.05%, 59.96%, 1.57%, 0.10%, 0.10% and 0.10%, respectively. Pathotype Ⅸ,with broad pathogenicity and more virulence, had become the predominant race in the South China rice region and the Yangtze River rice region(Hunan, Zhejiang), and the predominant pathotypes in Yunnan(Southwest China) and Liaoning(Northeast China) were pathotype Ⅳ and pathotype Ⅰ, respectively. The resistance and susceptibility of 15 rice NILs to 954 Xoo strains were analyzed. The results showed that the 15 NILs co

关 键 词：水稻白叶枯病菌 致病型 近等基因系 鉴别寄主 抗性 

分 类 号：S435.111.47[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]