相对饲养水平对绵羊肌肉组织结构及肌纤维组成相关基因的影响  

Effects of Feeding Levels on Muscle Tissue Structure and Muscle Fiber Composition Related Genes in Sheep

作　　者：宋淑珍[1] 高良霜 李宏 宫旭胤[1] 刘立山 魏玉兵 SONG ShuZhen;GAO LiangShuang;LI Hong;GONG XuYin;LIU LiShan;WEI YuBing(Institute of Animal and Pasture Science and Green Agriculture,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070;College of Animal Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070;Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Hutubi,Hutubi 831200,Xinjiang;Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station of Pingshanhu,Zhangye 734000,Gansu)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院畜草与绿色农业研究所,兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,兰州730070 [3]呼图壁县农业农村局,新疆呼图壁831200 [4]平山湖蒙古族乡畜牧兽医站,甘肃张掖734000

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2022年第21期4304-4314,共11页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31960673);甘肃省自然科学基金(21JR1RA362);甘肃省农业科学院重点研发计划(2021GAAS15)。

摘　　要：【目的】提高肉品质是现代肉羊生产的主要目标之一,研究不同饲养水平对阿勒泰羊背最长肌肌肉组织结构及肌纤维组成相关基因的影响,为通过饲养水平调控肉脂型绵羊肉品质,提高生产效益提供参考。【方法】选择出生日龄接近((3.0±0.5)月龄)、体况良好、体重相近((19.16±0.54)kg)、臀型一致的阿勒泰羊30只,随机分为3组,自由采食60 d后,分别按照50%(0.25 MJ/W^(0.75)×d^(-1))(NL组)、100%(0.5 MJ/W^(0.75)×d^(-1))(NM组)、150%(0.75 MJ/W^(0.75)×d^(-1))(NH组)的维持代谢能饲喂30 d后屠宰,取背最长肌分别进行苏木精-伊红(H.E.)染色和2%醋酸铀-枸橼酸铅双染色法染色,光学显微镜和透射电镜观察肌肉组织结构,并通过免疫组化法测定肌球蛋白重链I(myosin heavy chain,MyHC I)和过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体-γ(preoxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma,PPARγ)蛋白表达量。【结果】(1)阿勒泰羊摄入50%、100%和150%的维持代谢能时,三组试验羊的平均日增重分别为-90.67 kg、13.33 kg和203.00 kg,差异显著(P<0.05);背最长肌肌纤维直径NH组、NM组显著大于NL组(P<0.05);肌内膜厚度NH组显著小于NL组(P<0.05);肌束肌纤维数量、肌束纤维面积、肌束膜厚度以及肌纤维面积、肌纤维密度差异不显著(P>0.05)。(2)饲养水平对肌质网终池面积、脂滴面积以及肌质网终池、肌原纤维、肌质的面积比都有影响,肌质网终池面积和面积比NH组显著大于NM和NL组(P<0.05),脂滴面积NH组显著大于NL组(P<0.05);肌质面积比NM组显著大于NH和NL组(P<0.05);线粒体、糖原三组之间无显著差异(P<0.05)。(3)饲养水平对肌纤维组成相关基因蛋白的表达有影响,PPARγ的蛋白表达强度、阳性面积和阳性率NL和NM组显著低于NH组(P<0.05);MyHCⅠ蛋白表达强度随能量摄入水平的增加而增大,但是三组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。【结论】不同饲养水平对阿勒泰羊背最长肌肌肉组织结构和�【Objective】Improving meat quality is one of the main goals of the modern mutton sheep production.The objective of this study was to compare the muscle tissue structure and the genes expression related muscle development of longissimus dorsi muscle in Altay sheep,so as to provide the reference for regulating meat quality and improving production efficiency of meat-fat type sheep by feeding level.【Method】Thirty Altay female lambs with a similar month((3.0±0.5)months),similar body weight((19.16±0.54)kg),uniform tail size were randomly divided into 3 groups with 10 lambs per group.After 60 days of ad libitum feeding,three test sheep groups were fed with 50%(0.25 MJ/W^(0.75)×d^(-1),NL group),100%(0.5 MJ/W^(0.75)×d^(-1),NM group),and 150%(0.75 MJ/W^(0.75)×d^(-1),NH group)maintenance metabolizable for 30 days,respectively,and then slaughtered.The longissimus dorsi muscle was stained with Hematoxylin Eosin(HE staining)and 2%uranyl acetate-lead citrate double staining,respectively,and then the expression of myosin heavy chain I(MyHC I)and peroxisome receptor activator-activated gamma(PPARγ)was determined by immunohistochemistry.【Result】(1)When Altay sheep were fed 50%,100%and 150%metabolizable energy,respectively,the difference of average daily gain was significant(P<0.05),and the difference of three groups were-90.67 kg,13.33 kg and 203.00 kg,respectively.The diameter of longissimus dorsi muscle fibers from NL group and NH group was significantly larger than that from NL group(P<0.05),while the thickness of muscular intima from NH group was significantly smaller than that in NL group(P<0.05),but there were no significant differences in the amount of muscle fiber,the area of muscle fiber,the thickness of muscle fascicle,the area of muscle fiber and the density of muscle fiber(P>0.05).(2)The feeding levels affected the area of terminal cisterna,lipid droplets and the area ratio of terminal cisterna,myofibril and sarcoplasm.The area and area ratio of terminal cisterna from NH were significantly larger than

关 键 词：相对饲养水平 肉品质 肌肉组织结构 肌纤维 PPARΓ MyHC I 阿勒泰羊 

分 类 号：S826[农业科学—畜牧学]