高含沙水流混流式水轮机磨蚀的数值预测与分析  

Numerical prediction and analysis of abrasion in a Francis turbine with high sediment concentration

作　　者：孙国勇 张逸军[2] 张润强 王玉川[1] 毛秀丽 SUN Guoyong;ZHANG Yijun;ZHANG Runqiang;WANG Yuchuan;MAO Xiuli(College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Shaanxi Baoji Gorge Irrigation Administration,Xianyang,Shaanxi 712000,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]陕西省宝鸡峡引渭灌溉管理局,陕西咸阳712000

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2022年第12期1197-1203,1226,共8页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51909222)。

摘　　要：为了研究高含沙水流混流式水轮机的磨蚀规律,应用SST k-ω湍流模型和Tabakoff磨蚀模型对渭河流域魏家堡水电站水轮机内部的多相流动及其磨蚀现象进行了数值模拟,预测了易发生磨蚀的部位并分析了产生磨蚀的原因.通过与电站实际运行后的水轮机磨蚀情况对比,数值模拟结果准确地预测了磨蚀发生的部位和磨蚀程度.数值模拟结果表明:磨蚀主要发生在蜗壳的隔舌、面与面连接的不光滑区域或缝隙等不规则的边界区域以及导叶和叶片的头部端面;壁面附近的流态对磨蚀有重要影响,磨蚀破坏最严重的区域为转轮出口靠近下环的叶片区域,此处的叶片弯曲的曲率较大,形成较高的速度和不稳定流动现象;尾水管中的弯肘段改变了流体的流动方向导致较为严重的磨蚀.研究成果为水轮机磨蚀的预防和抗磨蚀水轮机的优化设计提供了参考.To study the abrasion rule of Francis turbine with high sediment concentration,the SST k-ωturbulence model and Tabakoff abrasion model were employed to simulate the multiphase flow and sediment erosion phenomenon in the Francis turbine of Weijiabu Hydropower Station in the Weihe River area.The abrasive areas on different components were predicted and the causes of abrasion were analyzed.Compared with the turbine abrasion after operation of the power station,the numerical simulation results accurately predict the location and degree of abrasion.The numerical simulation results show that the erosion mainly occurs in the irregular boundary areas such as the tongue of the volute,the unsmooth area or gap of the surface-to-surface connection,and the leading edge of the guide vane and blade.The flow pattern near the wall has an important influence on erosion.The most serious erosion damage is the blade area near the down wear ring at the outlet of the impeller,where the curvature of the blade bending is large,forming a high speed and unstable flow phenomenon.The elbow of draft tube changes the flow direction of fluid,which leads to serious abrasion.The research results provide a reference for the prevention of turbine abrasion and the optimal design of anti-abrasion turbine.

关 键 词：混流式水轮机 泥沙磨蚀 高含沙水流 Tabakoff模型 数值预测 

分 类 号：S277.9[农业科学—农业水土工程] TV136.1[农业科学—农业工程]