弹簧板式明渠测流装置的水力特性  

Hydraulic characteristics of spring plate type measuring device in open channel

作　　者：万里 李永业[1] 张港 蔡鸿儒 张雪兰[1] 杨小妮[1] WAN Li;LI Yongye;ZHANG Gang;CAI Hongru;ZHANG Xuelan;YANG Xiaoni(College of Hydro Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学水利科学与工程学院,山西太原030024

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2022年第12期1241-1247,共7页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51179116);山西省自然科学基金资助项目(201701D221137)。

摘　　要：为提高灌区精准量水技术,设计了一种基于弹簧形变量与渠道过水断面瞬时流量之间关系的明渠测流装置.该装置的模型试验在矩形渠道中,选定流量范围为20~85 m^(3)/h,共在14个流量工况下进行.结合理论分析及数值模拟对该装置的流量公式、测流精度、水头损失等量测特性进行分析.研究结果表明:渠道过水断面瞬时流量Q同形变量d与参数C_(1)之和成5/6次方关系,在量测板板宽为30,40,50,60 mm时Q与d+C_(1)的5/6次方的线性相关性良好;拟合得到弹簧板式测流装置的流量公式,公式计算流量和试验时的实测流量相吻合,最大相对误差为4.56%,其中板宽40 mm时的最大相对误差为1.43%;量测板上游水位的模拟值和实测值最大相对误差为4.54%,模拟结果与实测结果吻合;量测板产生的水头损失随着板宽的增加而增加,在板宽小于40 mm时,水头损失占比总水头均小于10%.研究成果为弹簧板式测流装置在灌区的应用提供了理论依据.In order to improve the accurate water measurement technology in irrigation areas,a flow measurement device for open channel was designed based on the relationship between spring shape va-riable and instantaneous flow of channel water cross section.The model test of the device was conducted in a rectangular channel with a selected flow range of 20-85 m^(3)/h under 14 flow conditions.The theoretical analysis and numerical simulation were combined to analyze the flow equation,flow measurement accuracy,head loss and other measurement characteristics of the device.The research results indicate that the instantaneous flow rate Q of the channel overflow section shows a 5/6th power relationship with the sum of the shape variable d and parameter C_(1),and the linear correlation between Q and the 5/6th power of d+C_(1) is good when the width of the measuring plate is 30,40,50 and 60 mm.The flow rate formula of the spring-plate flow measuring device is obtained by fitting,the calculated flow rate is consistent with the measured flow rate during the test,the maximum relative error is 4.56%,and the maximum relative error is 1.43%when the plate width is 40 mm.The maximum relative error between the simulated and measured water levels is 4.54%,and the simulated results agree with the measured ones.The head loss generated by the measuring plate increases with the increase of the plate width,and the head loss accounts for less than 10%of the total head when the plate width is less than 40 mm.The research results provide a theoretical basis for the application of spring plate flow measurement device in irrigation areas.

关 键 词：弹簧板式 矩形渠道 流量 数值模拟 水力特性 

分 类 号：S237[农业科学—农业机械化工程]