电解铝大修渣中铝含量的分析  

Analysis Of Aluminum Content In Electrolytic Aluminum Overhaul Slag

作　　者：李运改 王煌东 王勇 孙俊民 Li Yun-gai;Wang Huang-dong;Wang Yong;Sun Jun-min(Datang International High Alumina Coal R&D Center,Erdos,Neimengu 010321,China;Inner Mongolia Medical University,Hohhot,Neimengu 010107,China)

机构地区：[1]大唐国际发电股份有限公司高铝煤炭资源开发利用研发中心,内蒙古鄂尔多斯市010321 [2]内蒙古医科大学,内蒙古呼和浩特市010110

出　　处：《福建分析测试》2022年第6期11-16,共6页Fujian Analysis & Testing

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0603100)。

摘　　要：在电解铝工艺中大修渣因其氟化物含量过高被列为固体危险废物,故对于氟含量研究较多。通过对电解铝厂在大修渣处理过程中发生的爆炸事件研究表明,电解槽在长期的使用过程中内衬通常会产生大量细小的裂缝,电解的铝液会渗到这些裂缝中。而在后续处理时采用的酸液会与这些金属铝反应生成氢气,可能会引发爆炸。因此我们将注意力转移到了大修渣的单质铝含量上。经络合滴定法测定,该电解铝厂的大修渣中金属铝含量在5.6%~11.3%之间,标准差在0.012~0.02之间,加标回收率为96.87%~102.69%,测试结果稳定且精密度高。与X射线荧光光谱法测定结果相比差值≤0.3%,说明络合法测试结果准确可信。从测试结果和现场生产实际情况推断,铝含量超过8%时,大修渣在后期酸处理过程中发生爆炸的概率较高。In electrolytic aluminum process,overhaul slag is classified as solid hazardous waste because of its fluoride con⁃tent exceeds,thus plenty of fluoride content determinations has been reported.Through the research on the explosion of the overhaul slag treatment in an electrolytic aluminum plant,it is shown that during long-term working,the lining of the elec⁃trolytic cell always produces number of thin cracks,and the electrolytic liquid aluminum would infiltrate into these cracks.The acid employed in subsequent processing would react with the aluminum to produce hydrogen,which could cause explo⁃sions,so we draw our attention to the aluminum content of overhaul slag.By complexometric titration,the content of alumi⁃num in the overhaul slag of the electrolytic aluminum plant is 5.6%~11.3%,the standard deviation is 0.012~0.02,and the standard recovery is 96.87%~102.69%.The results are stable and precise.Compared with the X-ray fluorescence spectrometry,the results of difference is less than 0.3%,indicating that the method are accurate and reliable.Combining with the actual production,it is inferred that when the aluminum content exceeds 8%,the overhaul slag is prone to explosion in the post-treatment process.

关 键 词：电解铝 大修渣 氢气 铝 爆炸 

分 类 号：O657.34[理学—分析化学]