水稻光温敏核不育系的育种研究现状与发展策略  

Breeding research progress and development strategies of photoperiod-thermo sensitive genic male sterile lines in rice

作　　者：杨大兵 夏明元[1] 戚华雄[1] YANG Da-bing;XIA Ming-yuan;QI Hua-xiong(Institute of Food Crops,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement,Wuhan 430064,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省农业科学院粮食作物研究所/粮食作物种质创新与遗传改良湖北省重点实验室,武汉430064

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2022年第20期5-8,共4页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖北省重点研发计划项目(2020BBA031);湖北省农业科技创新中心重大科技研发项目(2020-620-000-002-01)。

摘　　要：基于光温敏核不育系的两系法杂交水稻(Oryza sativa L.)是水稻杂种优势利用的重要途径,两系法杂交水稻的发展为保障中国粮食安全作出了重要贡献。概述了水稻光温敏核不育系的育种研究现状;提出了目前水稻光温敏核不育系育种主要存在不育基因资源来源单一、育性转换临界温度的遗传研究进展缓慢等问题,并根据这些问题提供了下一步的发展策略,即要发掘和利用新的核不育资源,特别是籼稻背景下的光敏核不育资源,加强对不育系育性转换临界温度调控基因的研究。在此基础上,利用分子标记辅助育种技术提高光温敏核不育系的选育效率,并拓宽光温敏不育系种质的遗传基础。The two-line hybrid rice(Oryza sativa L.)system based on the photoperiod-thermo sensitive genic male sterile(PTGMS)line is an important approach for rice heterosis utilization,and the development of the two-line hybrid rice has made an important contribution to guaranteeing food security in China. In this paper,we summarized the breeding research status of PTGMS rice,and pointed out the main problems in the breeding of PTGMS lines,including the single type of sterile genes and the slow progress of genetic research on the critical temperature of fertility transition. In response to those issues,the next development strategy was proposed,that is,to explore and make use of new genic male sterile resources,especially photoperiod sensitive genic male sterile resources in the indica genetic background,and to strengthen the research on the genes that regulate the critical temperature of fertility transition in male sterile lines. On this basis,molecular marker-assisted breeding should be used to improve the breeding efficiency of PTGMS lines and broaden the genetic basis of PTGMS germplasm.

关 键 词：水稻(Oryza sativa L.) 光温敏核不育系 两系法杂交水稻 育种策略 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]