海洋工程发展趋势与技术挑战  

Development Trend and Technical Challenges of Ocean Engineering

作　　者：李华军[1] 刘福顺[1] 杜君峰[1] 常安腾 李良 徐琨 陈旭光 侯会敏 宋虹 LI Hua-jun;LIU Fu-shun;DU Jun-feng;CHANG An-teng;LI Liang;XU Kun;CHEN Xu-guang;HOU Hui-min;SONG Hong(College of Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学工程学院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《海岸工程》2022年第4期283-300,共18页Coastal Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金基础科学中心项目——多场多体多尺度耦合及其对海工装备性能与安全的影响机制(52088102)。

摘　　要：海洋是生命的摇篮、资源的宝库、交通的命脉和战略的要地,海洋工程是高质量、可持续开发与利用海洋的重要基础和关键支撑。在海洋强国建设及“双碳”目标等政策驱动下,我国海洋工程在全球发展格局中的核心支撑作用日益凸显,也面临着重要发展机遇与技术挑战。本文以我国海洋资源开发重大需求为导向,分析全球发展趋势,明确我国海洋工程发展的现状与短板;在此基础上,重点围绕海洋油气、海上风电、海上光伏、海底采矿及海洋养殖工程五大关键领域,深入分析关键领域所面临的新形势、新趋势及发展机遇。通过梳理其中关键科学问题、优势方向及不足,阐明瓶颈问题及技术挑战,指出重点突破方向,以期为今后的海洋资源开发利用以及海洋工程的发展提供科学指导和参考依据。The ocean, the cradle of life and the treasure house of resources, is strategically important to connect the world and promote high-quality development. Ocean engineering is an essential subject and key support for sustainable exploration and utilization of the ocean resources. Driven by policies such as the marine power, peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality, research studies on China’s ocean engineering have played a pivotal role in supporting the global development landscape and have required addressing tremendous development opportunities and technical challenges. Taking into account the above situations, the global development trend, status and limitations of China’s ocean engineering have been reviewed in this paper. To maximize the utilization of ocean resources, new situations, latest trends and development opportunities have been also analyzed in the key areas, which include offshore oil and gas, offshore wind power, offshore photovoltaic, seabed mining and marine aquaculture engineering. Meanwhile, the key scientific problems such as technical challenges, bottleneck issues and the breakthrough directions, have been discussed with details. Finally,this study has provided invaluable suggestions on the development of ocean engineering and the realization of building China into a strong maritime country in the future.

关 键 词：海洋工程 海洋油气 海上风电 海上光伏 海底采矿 海洋养殖 

分 类 号：P751[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]