长江深水航道整治技术研究及发展  

Research and Development of Deepwater Channel Regulation Technology in the Yangtze River

作　　者：刘德进 杜璐 曲俐俐 LIU De-jin;DU Lu;QU Li-li(No.2 Engineering Company Ltd of CCCC Fist Harbor Engineering Company Ltd.,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]中交一航局第二工程有限公司,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《海岸工程》2022年第4期351-373,共23页Coastal Engineering

摘　　要：航道整治工程是利用整治建筑物调整和控制水流,具有稳定有利河势、增加航道水深以及改善水流流态的功能。在长江下游,一般采用新建导堤、潜堤、丁坝、锁坝等结构,实现“导流、挡沙、减淤、护滩”的作用。1998年,长江口深水航道整治工程一期工程开工建设,标志着我国深水航道整治工程的开端。历经20余a的建设和发展,深水航道施工技术不断取得新突破,解决了深水航道整治工程面临的诸多施工难题,形成了包括水下基础处理、深水砂被铺设、40 m深水软体排护底施工、水下基床抛石整平和半圆体预制、出运及安装等多项核心关键技术和船机装备,填补了我国航道整治施工领域的技术空白。本文主要介绍在五大国家重点深水航道整治项目中5项关键技术的研究及发展历程、工艺简介以及取得的施工成果,供同行交流借鉴。The waterway regulation project is to use the regulation of buildings for adjusting and controlling the water flow, and thus to stabilize the favorable river regime, increase the water depth of channel and improve the state of water flow. In the downstream of the Yangtze River, constructions of new structures such as guide dike, submersible dike, ding dam and lock dam are generally adopted to realize the role of "diversion, sand retaining, silt reduction and beach protection". In 1998, the construction of the first phase of the Yangtze Estuary deepwater channel regulation project began,marking the beginning of China’s deepwater channel regulation project. After more than 20 years of construction and development, new breakthroughs have been made in deepwater channel construction technology and many construction problems faced by the deepwater channel regulation project have been solved. As the results, a series of core and key technologies and ship machine equipment such as underwater foundation treatment, laying of deep water sand quilt,construction of 40 m deep water soft drainage bottom protection, seabed riprap leveling and semicircular body prefabrication, shipment and installation, and so on, have been formed, filling the technical gap in the field of waterway regulation and construction in China. In this paper, the researches and development of 5 key technologies in the five national key projects of deepwater channel regulation as well as the construction effects and benefits achieved are chiefly introduced for peer exchange and reference.

关 键 词：长江深水航道 水下基础处理 深水砂被 深水软体排 基床抛石整平 半圆体成堤 

分 类 号：U617.9[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]