兴安落叶松林火烧迹地土壤微生物量碳氮特征  

Characteristics of Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon and Nitrogen in Burned Area in Larix gmelinii Forest

作　　者：石炳东 韩懂懂 李兆国 全先奎[1] 于宏洲[1] 邸雪颖[1] 杨光[1] Shi Bingdong;Han Dongdong;Li Zhaoguo;Quan Xiankui;Yu Hongzhou;Di Xueying;Yang Guang(Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2022年第12期78-82,98,共6页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31870644);黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2021C011)。

摘　　要：在大兴安岭塔河县1990年到2018年的兴安落叶松(Larix gmelinii)林火烧迹地区域,设置试验样地,选择附近未过火区为对照样地,共计80块样地,每个样地为20 m×20 m。设置未火烧林地为对照组,火烧后(过火)恢复时期设置为恢复时长t≤6 a为恢复初期、6 a<t≤15 a为恢复中期、15 a<t≤28 a为恢复后期;将坡度(θ)划分为平坡(0°<θ≤2°)、缓坡(2°<θ≤5°)、斜坡(5°<θ≤15°);将坡向划分为阴坡、半阴坡、半阳坡、阳坡。2018年,以随机采样法,在每块样地内随机设置至少30个采样点,用土钻采集表层(0~10 cm)土壤样品,经过冷冻干燥、过筛,采用液氯熏蒸浸提法处理后,应用德国耶拿Multi N/C 2100S分析仪测定土壤微生物量碳氮;采用单因素方差分析法、多因素方差分析法、最小显著性差异法、斯皮尔曼相关系数检验法,分析林火、坡度、坡向对土壤微生物量碳氮的影响。结果表明:火烧后恢复中期的土壤微生物量碳氮与其他恢复时期有显著差异(P<0.05),火干扰28a后火烧迹地土壤微生物量碳氮接近但仍低于未过火的对照样地。微生物量碳,在平坡时,恢复初期、恢复中期、恢复后期之间差异显著(P<0.05)。微生物量碳、微生物量氮、微生物量碳氮比[微生物量碳质量分数(w(C))与微生物量氮质量分数(w(N))比(w(C)∶w(N))],在斜坡无明显变化。除半阳坡外,其他坡向恢复中期的微生物量碳氮与对照组的微生物量碳氮差异显著(P<0.05)。火烧迹地阴坡的微生物量碳氮高于阳坡的微生物量碳氮;微生物量碳氮比(w(C)∶w(N)),在半阳坡的火后不同恢复期无明显变化,而在阳坡的火后恢复初期、恢复中期、恢复后期之间差异显著(P<0.05)。多因素方差分析表明,坡度与坡向的交互作用,对微生物量碳影响极显著(P<0.01);而微生物量氮主要受坡向的影响(P<0.05)。火对土壤微生物的影响较为持久,地形是大兴安岭兴安落叶松林In the burning area of Larix gmelinii forest in Tahe County,Daxing’an Mountains from 1990 to 2018,the experimental plots were set up,and the nearby unburned areas were selected as the same plots,with a total of 80 plots,each of 20 m×20 m.The unburned woodland was set as the control group,the restoration time t≤6 a was the initial stage,6 a<t≤15 a was the middle stage,and 15 a<t≤28 a was the late stage of restoration.The slope(θ)was divided into flat slope(0°<θ≤2°),gentle slope(2°<θ≤5°)and slope(5°<θ≤15°).The slope direction was divided into shady slope,semi-shady slope,semi-sunny slope and sunny slope.In 2018,at least 30 sampling sites were randomly set up in each sample plot,and the surface(0-10 cm)soil samples were collected with soil drills.After freeze-drying,sieving,liquid chlorine fumigation and extraction,soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen were determined by German Jena Multi N/C2100S analyzer.One-Way ANOVA,Multi-way ANOVA,Least Significant Difference(LSD)and Spelman correlation coefficient test were used to analyze the effects of forest fire,slope and slope direction on soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen.The soil microbial biomass C and N in the middle stage of recovery after fire were significantly different from those in other restoration periods(P<0.05).After 28-a fire disturbance,the soil microbial biomass C and N in the burning site were close to but still lower than those in the control plot.There were significant differences in microbial biomass carbon among the early,middle and late stages of restoration on flat slope(P<0.05).Microbial biomass carbon,microbial biomass nitrogen and the ratio of microbial biomass carbon to nitrogen[the mass fraction of microbial biomass carbon(w(C))to microbial biomass nitrogen(w(N))]did not change significantly on the slope.Except for the semi-sunny slope,the microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in the middle stage of slope restoration were significantly different from those in the control group(P<0.05).The microbial biomas

关 键 词：兴安落叶松 土壤微生物量碳 土壤微生物量氮 火烧迹地 恢复时长 地形因子 

分 类 号：S762.1[农业科学—森林保护学] S714.3[农业科学—林学]