长时低温热处理对速生杨木材颜色及尺寸稳定性的影响  

Effect of Heat Treatment with Long Duration and Low Temperature on Color and Dimensional Stability of Fast-growing Poplar

作　　者：王婷欢 高晶晶 何正斌[1] 伊松林[1] Wang Tinghuan;Gao Jingjing;He Zhengbin;Yi Songlin(Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学,北京100083

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2022年第12期83-86,共4页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0600305)。

摘　　要：以速生杨(Populus tomentosa Carr)弦向板材为研究对象,采用长时低温处理技术,选择热处理温度(130、140、150℃)、热处理时间(6、12、18、24 h)2个对木材性能的影响因素,按照不同热处理温度与不同热处理时间组合设计12种热处理工艺,对速生杨弦向板材进行长时低温处理试验;以处理前试件(未处理的素材)为对照,以木材颜色值、木材湿胀性为评价指标,分析不同热处理工艺对速生杨木材心材、边材的颜色及尺寸稳定性的影响,遴选在试验设计范围内的最佳热处理工艺。结果表明:随着升高热处理温度和增加热处理时长,木材颜色变深、变暗,边材比心材更明显;热处理温度对杨木颜色的影响大于热处理时长的影响。随着升高热处理温度和增加热处理时长,木材弦向上的湿胀率明显降低,尺寸稳定性提高,且对心材的处理效果远优于边材。综合试验结果,速生杨木材在热处理温度130℃时,热处理12 h可达到最佳效果,既能使杨木保持原本较浅的材色,又能较为显著地提高木材的尺寸稳定性。Fast-growing poplar(Populus tomentosa Carr.)chord plates were taken as the research object.Long-term low-temperature treatment technology was adopted,and two factors on wood properties,heat treatment temperature(130,140 and 150℃)and heat treatment duration(6,12,18 and 24 h),were considered.According to the combination of different heat treatment temperatures and different heat treatment durations,12 heat treatment processes were designed and long-term low-temperature treatment tests were carried out on fast-growing poplar chord plates.Taking the test pieces before treatment(untreated materials)as the control,the color value and swelling of wood as the evaluation index,the effects of different heat treatment processes on the color and dimensional stability of fast-growing poplar(heartwood and sapwood)were evaluated.In addition,the best heat treatment process within the scope of experimental design was identified.With the increase of heat treatment temperature and heat treatment duration,the color of wood became darker,and the degree of sapwood was more obvious than that of heartwood.Moreover,the influence of heat treatment temperature on poplar color is greater than that of heat treatment duration.As for the chordal swelling rate of wood,with the increase of heat treatment temperature and heat treatment duration,it is significantly reduced while the dimensional stability is improved.Moreover,the effect on heartwood is much better than that on sapwood.Comprehensive test results reveal that the fast-growing poplar treated at 130℃for 12 h can not only maintain the original light color,but also significantly improve the dimensional stability.

关 键 词：速生杨 木材 尺寸稳定性 热处理温度 热处理时长 颜色 

分 类 号：S781[农业科学—木材科学与技术]