新西兰凯威牛(Kiwi-Cross)品种介绍  

The introduction to the Kiwi-Cross cow of New Zealand

作　　者：梁源 王忆 王雅春[2] 朱化彬[1] 赵善江[1] LIANG Mingyuan;WANG Yi;WANG Yachun;ZHU Huabin;ZHAO Shanjiang(Institute of Animal Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing100193,China;China Agricultural University,Beijing100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,北京100193 [2]中国农业大学,北京100193

出　　处：《黑龙江动物繁殖》2022年第6期27-30,共4页Heilongjiang journal of animal reproduction

摘　　要：新西兰凯威牛(Kiwi-Cross)是由荷斯坦牛和娟姗牛杂交培育而成的品种,泌乳性能优秀,乳固体物含量高,抗逆性强,与新西兰奶牛养殖模式和环境非常契合。新西兰奶协最新统计数据显示,凯威牛在新西兰牛群中的占比高达49.6%,是新西兰第一大奶牛种群。凯威牛的育种目标是培育能够最有效地把饲料转化成利润的奶牛,而不是一味地追求产奶量,更强调平衡育种。选择指数涵盖乳蛋白量、乳脂量、产奶量、体重、体细胞数、繁殖率、体况评分和生产寿命等8个性状,并赋予每个性状经济加权值。文章就凯威牛体貌特征、育种历史、群体规模演变、育种目标及生产性能测定体系等进行阐述,以期全面为读者展示凯威牛的品种培育过程和养殖现状,为我国奶牛育种提供借鉴。The Kiwi-Cross cow of New Zealand is developed through crossing Holstein and Jersey,well known for its excellent lactation performance,high milk solids,and stress tolerance,which making them fits nicely with dairy raising industry and environment in New Zealand.The latest statistics from the Dairy NZ showed that the Kiwi-Cross cow is the largest cow population in New Zealand,accounting for 49.6%of cattle populations of New Zealand.The breeding goal of the Kiwi-Cross is to breed cows that can most efficiently convert feed into profits rather than to solely pursue milk yield,with emphasizing more on balanced breeding characterized with selection indices emphasizing eight traits such as milk protein content,milk fat content,milk yield,body weight,somatic cell count,fertility,body condition score and production life,each of which would be assigned with an economic weighted value.This paper presented the conformation characteristics,breeding history,population evolution,breeding objectives,and performance evaluation system of Kiwi-Cross,intended to show the most comprehensive breeding system of Kiwi-Cross and current raising profile,and provide a reference for the future development of cow breeds in China.

关 键 词：新西兰 凯威牛 外貌特征 育种体系 养殖现状 

分 类 号：S823.2[农业科学—畜牧学]