丰产稳产板栗新品种泰山1号的选育  

Breeding report of a new chestnut cultivar Taishan 1 with high and stable yield

作　　者：季志平[1] 何佳林[1] 吕平会[1] JI Zhiping;HE Jialin;LÜ Pinghui(College of Forestry,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《果树学报》2022年第12期2442-2445,共4页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：陕西省重点研发项目(2020NY-043);西北农林科技大学科创项目([2019]26号)。

摘　　要：泰山1号是从山东省果树研究所引进的板栗品种。在陕西秦岭板栗产区引种驯化后,进行了区域试验,性状优异,丰产稳产性能突出。2018年2月通过了陕西省林木品种审定委员会审定,仍定名为泰山1号。该品种丰产稳产,连年结果能力强。强壮枝多,无效细弱枝少。果前梢长,且大芽数量多,易形成雌花,基部芽也能抽生结果枝。单株平均栗苞数254个,空苞率仅1%~2%。嫁接后3~4(a年)进入丰产期,7年生树株均产7.6 kg。坚果红褐色,有光泽,饱满,平均单粒质量18.0 g,属大型果。栗仁质地细糯香甜,品质优,较耐贮藏,炒食加工皆宜。已在陕西板栗产区大面积栽培。Taishan 1 is a new chestnut cultivar with high and stable yield.Its parents come from farm varieties in Chuxian county,Anhui province,P.R.of China.It belongs to the Niandiban strain.It was first introduced by Zhao Yongxiao to Xintai city,Shandong province.A bud variety was selected from the Niandiban strain and approved in 2000.It was introduced to Baoji city,Shaanxi province in 2001,and then the multi-point regional experiments were carried out in various counties and districts of Shaanxi province.In 2018,it was approved by Shaanxi Forest Cultivar Approval Committee and still named Taishan 1.The tree crown is open,mostly in a center-open shape.The bark is taupe with dense lenticels.The leaf color is dark green,and the petiole is stout.The mixed bud is medium and largesized.The mixed inflorescence is oblique bearing at the apex of the fruiting branch.The chestnut hull is large with the bur thorn being long,hard and forked.The number of nuts per bud is 2.8.The nuts are full and uniform in size,and the average weight of nuts is 18.0 g.Nuts are reddish brown with bright luster,few hairs and obvious tendons.The kernel is yellow,fine-waxy and sweet.The tegmen is easy to peel.The soluble sugar content is 12.8%,the starch content is 64.8%,the crude protein content is 4.7%,and the crude fat content is 0.9%.This cultivar has high and stable yield and strong fruiting ability year after year.The current shoot in front of the fruit branch is long,there are many big buds,and it is easy to initiate female flowers.The average number of involucres per plant is 254,but the empty rate is only 1%-2%.After grafting,it can bear nuts in the 2nd year,enter the high-yield period in 3-4 years,and the average yield with 7-year-old trees is 7.6 kg.The average production capacity is more than 380 kg·666.7 m^(-2).It is resistant to barren soil and has strong disease resistance.It is more resistant to storage and suitable for frying and processing.It is suitable for cultivation in the Qinling mountain area.The buds sprouted at the end of Mar

关 键 词：板栗 新品种 泰山1号 丰产稳产 

分 类 号：S664.2[农业科学—果树学]