水稻机械覆膜插秧技术及装备的研究  

Technology and Equipment of Rice Mechanical Film Mulching Transplanting

作　　者：邢占强[1] 方永辉 韩休海[1] Xing Zhanqiang;Fang Yonghui;Han Xiuhai(Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Machinery Sciences,Harbin 150081,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业机械工程科学研究院,哈尔滨150081

出　　处：《农机化研究》2023年第1期264-268,共5页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：黑龙江省农业科学院2020年度院级科研项目(2020YYYF018)。

摘　　要：随着我国经济的不断发展,人们生活水平不断提高,粮食安全、粮食质量问题显得尤为重要。近年来,我国有机水稻种植面积在不断扩大,有机水稻种植机械需求量也随之剧增。为此,为农药减施、改善环境、减轻水稻种植从业人员劳动强度,提出了一种新的水稻机械附膜插秧技术方法及技术。为实施该技术,将几种市场保有量较高的传统高速插秧机上加装一套能够在水田里覆盖有机地膜装备,改装后的水稻机械覆膜装备在进行插秧前将生物质有机地膜铺设在稻田地里,实现覆膜插秧一体联合作业,可依靠生物质有机地膜的膜下断氧达到抑制杂草生长的作用。该技术及装备的应用可为黑龙江省真正发展高效、高质量的有机水稻种植提供一种新的技术方法,对稳定我国优质粮食产量具有重要的意义。With the continuous development of China's economy,food security is becoming more and more important.In recent years,with the expansion of rice planting area in China,the demand for organic rice planting machinery is also increasing.In order to reduce the application of pesticides,improve the environment,and reduce the labor intensity of rice planting workers,a new technology of rice mechanical transplanting with film was proposed.In order to implement this technology,several traditional high-speed rice transplanters with high market share are equipped with a set of equipment which can cover organic film in paddy field.The modified rice mechanical film mulching equipment lays the biomass organic film in the paddy field before transplanting to realize the integrated operation of film mulching and transplanting.The growth of weeds can be inhibited by the oxygen cut off under the film of biomass organic film.The application of the technology and equipment can provide a new technical method for the development of efficient and high-quality organic rice planting in Heilongjiang Province,which is of great significance to stabilize the grain yield in China.

关 键 词：有机种植 农药减施 覆膜插秧 水稻 

分 类 号：S233.91[农业科学—农业机械化工程]