电动摆盘覆土机激光走直系统设计与试验  

Design and Test of Laser Straightening System of Electric Wobble Plate Covering Machine

作　　者：李永春 刘明普[1] 汪益林[1] 姜庆昌[1] 杨传华[1] 葛宜元[1] 刘向东[1] Li Yongchun;Liu Mingpu;Wang Yilin;Jiang Qingchang;Yang Chuanhua;Ge Yiyuan;Liu Xiangdong(School of Mechanical Engineering,Jiamusi University,Jiamusi 154007,China)

机构地区：[1]佳木斯大学机械工程学院,黑龙江佳木斯154007

出　　处：《农机化研究》2023年第3期94-98,共5页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2020E026);佳木斯大学校级区域特色专项(2020JDQYZX02)。

摘　　要：随着农业机械化和智能化的发展,智能和精准成为现代农业机械发展的目标,以技术代替资源,实施精准农业,是农业机械发展的必然趋势。目前,水稻育秧摆盘覆土机在工作过程中,需耗费人力来维持准直线式的行走,不仅浪费劳动力且靠人力来维持机器方向往往不能实现精准的准直线行走,相对误差较大。为此,采用了机光电一体化技术,研发了一款适用于大棚水稻育秧电动摆盘覆土机的激光走直系统,以单片机控制器作为核心,将动力系统、传动系统、行走系统、摆盘覆土系统和激光导航系统等有机结合一起,具有激光导航走直、摆盘覆土速度快和节能环保等优点。试验验证表明:在达到育秧摆盘覆土农艺要求前提下,直线度误差可控制在±30mm/46m。激光走直系统可以精确控制摆盘覆土直线度,从而提高土地利用率,减少资源浪费并且极大地提高工作效率,市场前景十分可观。With the development of agricultural mechanization and intelligence,intelligence and precision have become the goal of the development of modern agricultural machinery.It is an inevitable trend for the development of agricultural machinery to replace resources with technology and implement precision agriculture.At present,in the working process of the rice seedling raising and pan-covering machine,it always consumes manpower to maintain the quasi-linear walking,which not only wastes labor,but also cannot achieve accurate quasi-linear walking by manpower to maintain the machine direction,and the relative error is relatively large.For this reason,the integrated technology of machine and photoelectricity was adopted to develop a laser straightening system suitable for the electric swing plate covering machine for growing rice seedlings in the greenhouse.With the single-chip controller as the core,the power system,transmission system,walking system and swing plate were developed.The organic combination of soil covering system and laser navigation system has the advantages of laser navigation straight,fast soil covering speed,energy saving and environmental protection.Tests have verified that the straightness error can be controlled within±30 mm/46 m under the premise of meeting the agronomic requirements of seedling raising and covering soil.The laser straightening system can precisely control the straightness of the overburden of the wobble plate,thereby improving land utilization and reducing resource waste,which is of great significance,and greatly improves work efficiency.It is of great significance to the development of the national economy and has a promising market prospect.

关 键 词：电动摆盘覆土机 单片机控制器 走直系统 

分 类 号：S223.13[农业科学—农业机械化工程] S625.3[农业科学—农业工程]