云南山地核桃振动采摘机的设计与试验研究  

Design and Experiment of Walnut Vibration Picker in Yunnan Mountain

作　　者：朱惠斌[1] 张文锴 曹科高 白丽珍[1] 李慧 牟丹磊 Zhu Huibin;Zhang Wenkai;Cao Kegao;Bai Lizhen;Li Hui;Mou Danlei(Faculty of Agriculture and Food,Kunming University of Science and Technology.Kunming 650500,China;Shandong Agicultural Machinery Research Institute,Ji’nan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学农业与食品学院,昆明650500 [2]山东省农业机械科学研究院,济南250010

出　　处：《农机化研究》2023年第2期130-139,共10页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区基金项目(51865022);云南省科技厅面上项目(2015FB125)。

摘　　要：为了解决云南省山地核桃收获机械化作业率低、人工劳动强度大、采摘成本高的问题,通过对云南山地核桃物理特性进行分析,设计了一种新型山地核桃振动采摘机。通过理论分析设计了核桃采摘机的关键部件,建立了三维模型,并运用ADAMS对采摘机构进行仿真。运用ANSYS Workbench对核桃收获过程进行模拟分析,结合正交试验确定了采摘机的最优工作参数,为采摘机设计提供了理论基础,并以此为设计参数进行样机试制,进行了田间试验。仿真结果表明:核桃采摘机在汽油机转速为2500r/min(即振动频率为20Hz)时,树体伤害最小。根据正交试验可知:汽油机转速为2480r/min、夹持位置为1038mm、连杆长度为55mm时,性能最优。田间试验表明:仿真试验结果正确,核桃采摘机采摘率为85.58%,满足核桃采摘需求,且对核桃树枝几乎没有损伤。In order to solve the problems of low mechanized operation rate,high labor intensity and high picking cost,a portable mountain walnut vibration picking machine was designed based on the experimental results of separating the fruit from the branches,the tensile-compression elastic modulus and the tree shape parameters of the branches of walnuts in Yunnan Province.In this study,the key parts of the picking machine were designed through theoretical analysis,while a three-dimensional model is established and the ADAMS is used to simulate the picking mechanism,the ANSYS Workbench is used to simulate and analyze the walnut modal and the optimal working parameters of the picking machine combined with orthogonal test is determined.It provides a theoretical basis for the design of the picking machine and completes the prototype trial production with the corresponding design parameters field trials.The simulation results show that the tree bodies receive minimal damage when the speed of walnut picking machine is 2500 r/min that is,the vibration frequency is 20 Hz.According to the orthogonal test,the effect of the clamping point on the deformation of the branch and netting rate is very significant and the speed of the gasoline engine and the length of the connecting rod of the eccentric wheel have a significant effect on the deformation of the branch.The importance of the three factors is the clamping point,the speed of the gasoline engine and the length of the connecting rod of the eccentric wheel.The interaction between the clamping point and the speed of the gasoline engine cannot be ignored.The optimal branch deformation is 83.335 mm and the optimal netting rate is 86.476%,when the speed of gasoline engine is 2480 r/min,the clamping position is 1038 mm andthe connecting rod length is 55 mm and the performance is optimal.The correctness of the simulation test is verified by field experiment.The picking rate of walnut picking machine is 85.58%,which meets the demand of walnut picking and has little damage to walnut branch

关 键 词：山核桃 采摘机 振动式 仿真 

分 类 号：S225.93[农业科学—农业机械化工程]