大白菜种子脱粒装置设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of Threshing Device for Chinese Cabbage Seeds

作　　者：卢梦晴 王升升 陈盼 王福民 秦嘉骏 李秋玉 侯一博 Lu Mengqing;Wang Shengsheng;Chen Pan;Wang Fumin;Qin Jiajun;Li Qiuyu;Hou Yibo(College of Agricultural Equipment Engineering,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471003,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学农业装备工程学院,河南洛阳471003

出　　处：《农机化研究》2023年第6期146-151,158,共7页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52005163);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202110464010)。

摘　　要：为提高我国大白菜种子机械化收获水平,降低脱粒损失,促进大白菜产业更好地发展,设计了一种适用于大白菜种子机械化收获的横轴流脱粒装置。选取籽粒破碎率、未脱净率为试验指标,滚筒转速、脱粒间隙及筛条间隙为试验因素进行了台架试验,建立了各试验因素与试验指标之间的数学模型,分析了各因素对指标的影响,并对装置的结构及工作参数进行了优化。结果表明:各因素对籽粒破碎率的影响大小顺序为滚筒转速>筛条间隙>脱粒间隙,各因素对未脱净率的影响大小顺序为滚筒转速>脱粒间隙>筛条间隙。验证试验结果显示:当滚筒转速为724r/min、脱粒间隙为21.7mm、筛条间隙为11.8mm时为最优参数组合,此时籽粒破碎率为0.085%、未脱净率为0.337%,达到国家及行业标准,能够较好地满足大白菜种子机械化脱粒需求。In order to improve the mechanized harvesting level of Chinese cabbage seeds,reduce the threshing loss and promote the better development of Chinese cabbage industry,a transverse axial flow threshing device was designed.A bench test was carried out with the grain breakage rate and unremoved rate as test indexes,and the drum speed,threshing gap and screen gap as test factors.The mathematical model between each test factor and test index was established,the influence of each factor on the index was analyzed,and the structure and working parameters of the device were optimized.The results showed that the order of influence of various factors on grain breakage was as follows:drum speed>screen clearance>threshing clearance;the order of influence of each factor on the unremoved rate is as follows:drum speed>threshing clearance>screen clearance.The verification test results showed that the optimal parameter combination was the drum speed of 724r/min,threshing clearance of 21.7mm,and screen clearance of 11.8mm.At this time,the grain breaking rate was 0.085%and the unremoved rate was 0.337%,which met the national and industrial standards,indicating that the threshing device could well meet the threshing requirements of Chinese cabbage seeds.

关 键 词：大白菜 种子收获 脱粒装置 响应面分析 

分 类 号：S226.19[农业科学—农业机械化工程]