黏重土壤条件下仿生栽植器设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of Bionic Planter in Heavy Soil

作　　者：冯超 喻丽华[1] 罗震 韩忠禄 吴雪梅[1] 张大斌[1] Feng Chao;Yu Lihua;Luo Zhen;Han Zhonglu;Wu Xuemei;Zhang Dabin(School of Mechanical Engineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Guizhou Agricultural Machinery Technology Promotion Station,Guiyang 550001,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学机械工程学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵州省农业机械技术推广总站,贵阳550001

出　　处：《农机化研究》2023年第6期197-202,共6页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2018]2325号);贵州省农业产业技术体系建设专项(2018);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合平台人才[2019]5616号)。

摘　　要：为解决黏重土壤条件下机械移栽作业时栽植器易粘土、严重影响移栽质量和效率的问题,根据翠鸟嘴部外轮廓、野猪吻突部位和蜣螂体表非光滑结构,采用曲线提取、拟合、构造及相似原理设计并加工出两种仿生栽植器。在自制移栽试验平台上进行试验研究,结果表明:最小粘附土壤量栽植条件为仿生栽植器Ⅱ,土壤含水率为21.3%,入土深度为50mm,栽植频率为40株/min。通过验证对比试验可知:土壤含水率为21.3%,栽植频率为40株/min,栽植深度分别为50、70、90mm时,仿生栽植器Ⅱ的粘附土壤量相比于原型栽植器的粘附土壤量分别减少21.8%、15.5%、27.4%。仿生栽植器有较好的减粘降阻效果,其思路可为农机具触土部件的减粘设计提供参考。In order to solve the problem that the transplanter is easy to clay and has high resistance in mechanical transplanting operation under the condition of heavy soil,which seriously affects the quality and efficiency of transplanting.Firstly,according to the external contour curve of kingfisher's mouth,the curve of snout process of wild boar and the non smooth structure of the convex hull of dung beetle,Two kinds of bionic transplanter were designed and manufactured based on the principles of curve extraction,fitting,structure and similarity.Secondly,the experiment was carried out on the self-made transplanting test platform in the laboratory.The results showed that the planting conditions of the minimum adhesion soil amount were as follows:the bionic planterⅡ,soil moisture content was 21.3%,soil depth was 50 mm,and planting frequency was 40 plants/min.Finally,through the verification and comparison test,when the soil moisture content is 21.3%,the planting frequency is 40 plants/min,and the planting depth is 50 mm,70 mm and 90 mm,the adhesion soil amount of the bionic planterⅡis 21.8%,15.5%and 27.4%less than that of the prototype,the effect of reducing viscosity of the bionic planter designed in this paper is better.The bionic design idea proposed can provide reference for the optimization design of agricultural machinery parts for touching soil.

关 键 词：栽植器 仿生设计 减粘 黏重土壤 正交试验 

分 类 号：S223.92[农业科学—农业机械化工程] S220.3[农业科学—农业工程]