The length of a compact extra dimension from black hole shadow  

黑洞阴影对紧致额外维长度的限制

作　　者：Zi-Yu Tang Xiao-Mei Kuang Bin Wang Wei-Liang Qian 唐紫瑜;况小梅;王斌;钱卫良(School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences,Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hangzhou 310024,China;School of Physical Sciences,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Center for Gravitation and Cosmology,College of Physical Science and Technology,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China;School of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Escola de Engenharia de Lorena,Universidade de São Paulo,12602-810 Lorena,SP,Brazil;Faculdade de Engenharia de Guaratinguetá,Universidade Estadual Paulista,12516-410 Guaratinguetá,SP,Brazil)

机构地区：[1]School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences,Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hangzhou 310024,China [2]School of Physical Sciences,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China [3]Center for Gravitation and Cosmology,College of Physical Science and Technology,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China [4]School of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China [5]Escola de Engenharia de Lorena,Universidade de São Paulo,12602-810 Lorena,SP,Brazil [6]Faculdade de Engenharia de Guaratinguetá,Universidade Estadual Paulista,12516-410 Guaratinguetá,SP,Brazil

出　　处：《Science Bulletin》2022年第22期2272-2275,共4页科学通报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12147119 and 12075202);China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2021M700142);Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20211601)

摘　　要：The conception of extra dimension was first introduced by Nordströmin,in order to unify electromagnetism and gravity[1].Nowadays,it has become a common idea that besides our fourdimensional spacetime,the extra spatial dimension is a relevant notion in the framework of particle physics,gravity and cosmology.Moreover,it appears in phenomenological(bottom-up)approaches and quantum gravity models such as string theories.Among others,the five-dimensional Kaluza–Klein(KK)theory is shown to recover both the electrodynamics and general relativity(GR)in the four-dimensional spacetime,where the extra dimension is considered to be a compact circle[2].目前,额外维的概念普遍存在于粒子物理、引力理论以及宇宙学中,并且得到了理论和实验方面的广泛关注.但额外维的本质,包括维数、拓扑及其尺寸等基本问题尚无定论.本文从五维旋转黑弦模型的黑洞阴影出发,通过事件视界望远镜给出的对M87星系和SgrA星系中心超大质量黑洞的观测数据,不仅排除了该模型中存在无限大额外维的可能性,论证了额外维的紧致性质;还把紧致额外维的长度限制到2.03125~2.6 mm.该研究从黑洞阴影观测的角度支持了额外维是紧致的因而避免了Gregory-Laflamme(GL)不稳定的构想,且给出的限制范围远远小于GL不稳定性给出的结果.

关 键 词：宇宙学 黑洞 引力理论 限制范围 弦模型 星系中心 额外维 粒子物理 

分 类 号：P145.8[天文地球—天体物理]