不同类型深纹核桃的表型多样性研究  

Phenotypic Diversity of Different Types of Juglans sigillata

作　　者：余务刚 肖良俊 吴涛 马婷 李贤忠[1] 宁德鲁 YU Wu-gang;XIAO Liang-jun;WU Tao;MA Ting;LI Xian-zhong;NING De-lu(Southwest Forestry University,Kunming Yunnan 650224,P.R.China;Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland,Kunming Yunnan 650201,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学,云南昆明650224 [2]云南省林业和草原科学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2022年第6期31-38,78,共9页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项(2018ZG001)。

摘　　要：为了比较不同类型深纹核桃质量和品质差异,以来自云南多地3个类型的深纹核桃作为研究对象,对其株型、枝叶和花果的表型性状进行方差分析、变异分析和表型多样性分析。结果显示:经F值检验,各表型性状在不同类型深纹核桃间差异性显著(P<0.05),说明不同类型的深纹核桃间差异显著。泡核桃株型较为细长(树高3.27 m,干径6.75 cm),果枝率低(31.0%),雌花序数多(15.9个),果实小质量轻但出仁率高(55.0%),雌花序数变异系数大(1.09),果形Simpson指数高(0.9081),发枝力(2.2986)和小叶数(2.2995)Shannoon-Wiener指数高;夹绵核桃株型挺拔健壮(树高3.16 m,干径7.2 cm),果枝率一般(32.0%),雌花序数多(18.7个),雌花序数变异系数大(0.71),果形Simpson指数高(0.9087),三径均值Shannoon-Wiener指数高(3.6134);铁核桃株型矮小纤细(树高2.66 m,干径5.68 cm),果枝率高(34.0%),雌花序数较少(11.8个),果形大质量重但出仁率较低(44.0%),雌花序数变异系数大(1.11),果形Simpson指数高(0.9220),仁重(2.2982)和三径均值(2.2993)Shannoon-Wiener指数高。In order to research improving the yield and quality of walnuts,different types of Juglans sigillata from many places in Yunnan province were taken as the research object,and the phenotypic traits such as phenotype,branch,leaf,flower and fruit were analyzed for variance,variation and diversity,revealing the phenotypic diversity characteristics.The results showed that,according to F-value test,there were significant differences in phenotypic traits among different types of J.sigillata(P<0.05),which indicated that there were abundant variations among different types of deep-grained walnuts.The thin-shell walnut plant type was slender(tree height 3.27 m,dry diameter 6.75 cm),with low fruit branch rate(31.0%),multiple female flower numbers(15.9),small fruit weight and light weight but high kernel yield(55.0%),large coefficient of variation of female flower number(1.09),high fruit shape index Simpson index(0.9081),high branch rate(2.2986)and lobular number(2.2995)Shannon-Wiener index.The medium-shell walnut plant type was tall and strong(tree height 3.16 m,dry diameter 7.2 cm),fruit branch rate was normal(32.0%),female flower ordinal number was more(18.7),coefficient of variation of female flower ordinal number was large(0.71),fruit shape index Simpson index was high(0.9087),and the mean value of three diameters Shannoon-Wiener index was high(3.6134).The plant type of thick-shell walnut was short and slender(tree height 2.66 m,dry diameter 5.68 cm),with high fruit branch rate(34.0%),few female inflorescences(11.8),large fruit shape,heavy weight but low kernel rate(44.0%),large coefficient of variation of female flower number(1.11),high fruit shape index Simpson index(0.9220),kernel weight(2.2982)and three-way mean value(2.2993)Shannoon-Wiener index.

关 键 词：深纹核桃 表型多样性 变异分析 多样性指数 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]