铅、镉胁迫下4种沉水植物的生长和生理响应  

Growth and physiological responses of four submerged plants under lead and cadmium stress

作　　者：常宝亮 吴春满 陈剑鹰 王彦杰[1,3,4] 徐迎春 CHANG Baoliang;WU Chunman;CHEN Jianying;WANG Yanjie;XU Yingchun(School of Horticulture,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;Zhejiang Weida Garden Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310051,China;Key Laboratory of Landscape Agriculture,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas,Nanjing 210095,China;Key Laboratory of Flower Biology in East China,State Forestry and Grassland Administration,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,江苏南京210095 [2]浙江伟达园林工程有限公司,浙江杭州310051 [3]农业农村部景观农业重点实验室,江苏南京210095 [4]国家林业与草原局华东地区花卉生物学重点实验室,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《人民长江》2022年第12期50-55,共6页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(32071829,31971710)。

摘　　要：为探讨重金属铅、镉对沉水植物的胁迫效应,通过模拟试验,选取粉绿狐尾藻(Myriophyllum verticillatum)、马来眼子菜(Potamogeton wrightii)、黑藻(Hydrilla verticillata)和微齿眼子菜(Potamogeton maackianus)4种沉水植物,对不同浓度铅(Pb^(2+))、镉(Cd^(2+))单一处理下沉水植物生长和生理响应进行研究。结果表明:在铅、镉单一处理下,4种植物中微齿眼子菜长势最好。与对照组相比,处理组植物的株高和生物量均显著降低,微齿眼子菜和马来眼子菜叶片的叶绿素含量受抑制效果相对较小。4种植物在受到Pb^(2+)、Cd^(2+)胁迫时,超氧化物歧化酶随着重金属浓度增加而增加;过氧化物酶活性呈现先上升后降低的趋势;丙二醛含量变化不显著。黑藻植物体内铅、镉含量在不同处理组中均处于较高水平。综合来看,重金属铅、镉会对沉水植物生长产生抑制作用,4种植物中微齿眼子菜适应能力最好,黑藻的净化能力较强。In order to explore the stress effect of heavy metals lead and cadmium on submerged plants,through simulation test,four submerged plants,Myriophyllum verticillatum,Potamogeton wrightii,Hydrilla verticillata and Potamogeton maackianus,were selected to study the growth and physiological response of submerged plants under the single treatment of lead(Pb^(2+))and cadmium(Cd^(2+)).The results showed that under the single treatment of lead and cadmium,the growth of Potamogeton maackianus was the best among the four plants.Compared with the control group,the plant height and biomass of the treatment group were significantly reduced,and the inhibition effect on the chlorophyll content of the leaves of Potamogeton wrightii and Potamogeton maackianus was relatively small.When the four plants were stressed by Pb^(2+)and Cd^(2+),superoxide dismutase increased with the increase of heavy metal concentration;peroxidase activity increased first and then decreased;the content of malondialdehyde did not change significantly.The contents of lead and cadmium in Hydrilla verticillata plants were at a high level in different treatment groups.In general,lead and cadmium can inhibit the growth of submerged plants,among the four kinds of plants,Potamogeton maackianus had the best adaptability and the Hydrilla verticillata had the strongest purification ability.

关 键 词：沉水植物 重金属 铅镉污染 水体净化 耐受能力 

分 类 号：Q948.8[生物学—植物学]