星载SAR非沿迹成像新模式:机遇与挑战  

Spaceborne SAR Non-Along-Track Imaging Mode:Opportunities and Challenges

作　　者：王岩[1] 康利鸿[2] 刘杰[3] 匡辉 孙晗伟[4] 陈轲[1] 王轩 于海锋 孙希龙[2] 郑彭楠 刘书豪 易天柱 刘磊[3] 高贺利 孙兵[5] 张润宁[3] 丁泽刚[1] WANG Yan;KANG Lihong;LIU Jie;KUANG Hui;SUN Hanwei;CHEN Ke;WANG Xuan;YU Haifeng;SUN Xilong;ZHENG Pengnan;LIU Shuhao;YI Tianzhu;LIU Lei;GAO Heli;SUN Bing;ZHANG Running;DING Zegang(Institute of Radar Technology,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;Beijing Institute of Remote Sensing Information,Beijing 100192,China;Remote Sensing Satellite General Department of China Academy of Space Technology,Beijing 100094,China;Beijing Institute of Radio Measurement,Beijing 100039,China;School of Electronic Information Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学雷达技术研究所,北京100081 [2]北京遥感信息研究所,北京100192 [3]中国空间技术研究院遥感卫星总体部,北京100094 [4]北京无线电测量研究所,北京100039 [5]北京航空航天大学电子信息工程学院,北京100191

出　　处：《雷达学报（中英文）》2022年第6期1131-1145,共15页Journal of Radars

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61971042),北京市自然科学基金(4202067)。

摘　　要：星载合成孔径雷达(SAR)通过采用不同成像模式,实现分辨率与成像带宽度的不同性能组合。常规星载SAR模式的成像带沿着卫星航迹方向,走向单一;但实际目标场景的地理走向多种多样,与沿卫星航迹方向的成像带地理走向不匹配的情况普遍出现,导致数采周期长或方位分辨低、存储与计算资源浪费。星载SAR非沿迹成像模式是解决该问题的新思路,其通过生成与卫星航迹不同向的直线型或曲线型的成像带,匹配于目标场景的实际地理走向,对目标场景进行“地理定制化”成像。该文主要从信息获取、成像处理等方面,讨论了星载SAR非沿迹成像新模式的主要机遇与挑战,并通过计算机仿真实现了星载SAR非沿迹成像模式的原理性验证。Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR)can achieve various performance combinations of resolution and observation bandwidth by adjusting the working modes.The imaging swath of the traditional spaceborne SAR working mode is along the satellite orbit,and the geographical trend is single;however,the geographical shape and direction of the surface scene are diverse and generally do not match the imaging swath along the orbit,resulting in a long data acquisition period,low azimuth resolution,and storage waste of computing resources.To this end,the spaceborne SAR Non-along-track imaging mode is a new method for spaceborne SAR scene matching that is characterized by an imaging zone that is no longer mechanically along the satellite orbit but is generated according to the actual geographical direction of the scene to achieve“customization”that matches the scene imaging.In this paper,the main opportunities and challenges faced by the new mode of spaceborne SAR scene matching are discussed from the aspects of information acquisition and imaging processing,and the principled verification of the spaceborne SAR Non-along-track imaging mode is provided through a computer simulation.

关 键 词：星载SAR 非沿迹成像模式 信息获取 成像处理 

分 类 号：TN95[电子电信—信号与信息处理]