我国城镇养老需求与供给结构性矛盾及对策研究——以江苏省为例  

A study on the structural contradiction and countermeasures between the demand and supply of urban elderly care in China——a case study of Jiangsu Province

作　　者：王安琪 程雁 杨春 薛宇 WANG Anqi;CHENG Yan;YANG Chun;XUE Yu(School of Health Policy and Management,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 211166;Jiangsu Health Development Research Center,Nanjing 210003;National Health and Family Planning Commission Contraceptives Adverse Reaction Surveillance Center,Nanjing 210036,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学医政学院,江苏南京211166 [2]江苏省卫生健康发展研究中心,江苏南京210003 [3]国家卫生计生委计划生育药具不良反应监测中心,江苏南京210036

出　　处：《南京医科大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第6期597-603,共7页Journal of Nanjing Medical University（Social Sciences）

基　　金：江苏省社会科学基金“公立医院党委领导下的院长负责制现状与对策”(19GLD013);高校哲学社会科学研究项目“基于服务能力视角的基层卫生机构医养服务供给模式研究”(2022SJYB0304);江苏省卫生健康发展研究中心开放课题“城镇医养结合养老制度创新研究”(JSHD2021051)。

摘　　要：随着我国老龄化进程逐步加深,空巢化、高龄化、慢病化等特征逐渐凸显,养老压力日趋严峻,养老需求日益增加,养老供给却严重不足。为探究养老需求与供给失衡深层的结构性矛盾,以江苏省为例对城镇居民养老需求展开问卷调查,明确居民养老需求现状及不同人群的养老需求差异,并结合江苏省养老供给现状,以需求为导向对养老服务供需问题进行研究,明确供需失衡具体指征与内在原因,进而提出更新养老供给观念、完善养老供给层次及养老服务多样性、推进社区居家养老模式发展、建立标准化养老社区、进行养老社区与家庭适老化改造等意见与建议。With the gradual deepening of the aging process in China,the characteristics including empty nesting,aging and chronic diseases have become increasingly prominent.The pressure of pension issues is becoming increasingly severe.The demand for elderly care is growing,yet its supply is seriously insufficient.In order to explore the profound structural contradiction of the imbalance between the demand and supply of pensions,we conducted a questionnaire on urban residents’demand for elderly care in Jiangsu Province to clarify the current situation of their elderly care needs and the variation of needs between different groups.In order to clarify the indicators and internal causes of supply⁃demand imbalance,we also combined the results with the current state of pension supply in Jiangsu Province to conduct demand⁃oriented research on the supplydemand balance of pension services.On this basis,we propose suggestions such as updating the concept of elderly care supply,improving the level of elderly care supply and the diversity of elderly care services,promoting the development of the community home⁃based elderly care model,establishing a standardized elderly care community,and reforming the elderly oriented design of communities and families.

关 键 词：养老需求 养老供给 医养结合 结构性矛盾 

分 类 号：C913.6[经济管理]