生物活性炭工艺的除锰效能及作用机制  

Efficiency and Mechanism of Biological Activated Carbon Process for Manganese Removal

作　　者：冯昌龙 刘成[1] 李聪聪 兰童 许展鹏 陈卫[1] FENG Changlong;LIU Cheng;LI Congcong;LAN Tong;XU Zhanpeng;CHEN Wei(College of Environment,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学环境学院,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《净水技术》2022年第12期137-146,共10页Water Purification Technology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划:生物活性炭失效的判定标准及更换研究(2012ZX07403-001)。

摘　　要：利用动态小试试验研究了生物活性炭(BAC)对地表水的除锰效能,明确了其可行性及机理,并探讨了可能存在的问题及解决途径。试验证明,BAC工艺在进水Mn(Ⅱ)质量浓度为0.60~1.80 mg/L、过水流速不超过12 m/h时均具有良好的除锰效能[Mn(Ⅱ)去除率>95.00%]。锰分相及SEM-EDS测定表明,BAC通过“高效吸附-氧化赋存-脱附更新”实现锰的可持续转化,Mn(Ⅱ)和锰氧化物(MnO_(x))易于在BAC颗粒孔隙及表面附着,加速除锰滤料的成熟;16S rRNA测序结果表明,BAC颗粒上具有种类多、丰度高的锰氧化细菌(MnOB)及锰氧化基因,主导了稳定运行期内Mn(Ⅱ)的氧化,保障了其在不同水质条件下的稳定去除。Mn(Ⅱ)浓度突增时,BAC除锰工艺存在适应周期长(30 d)、除锰效能有一定波动的问题。O_(3)-BAC强化除锰工艺中,前置O_(3)不仅能在进水Mn(Ⅱ)浓度稳定时进一步提升BAC工艺的除锰效能,将出水Mn(Ⅱ)质量浓度控制在0.05 mg/L以下,还能确保进水Mn(Ⅱ)浓度突增时整体工艺的出水水质稳定。此外,还考虑了原水中有机物、氨氮对BAC除锰效能的影响。The efficiency of biological activated carbon(BAC) on the manganese removal from surface water was studied by dynamic pilot test. The feasibility and mechanism were clarified, and the possible problems and solutions were discussed. The experimental results showed that BAC has excellent manganese removal ability [Mn(Ⅱ) removal rate >95.00%] when inflow water Mn(Ⅱ) mass concentration was 0.60~1.80 mg/L and filtering rate was not more than 12 m/h. The stepwise extraction of manganese and SEM-EDS tests showed that BAC achieved the sustainable conversion of manganese through "efficient adsorption-oxidation and preservation-desorption and regeneration". Mn(Ⅱ) and MnO_(x) were easily attached to the pores and surfaces of BAC particles, which accelerated the maturation of the filter medium in the filter used to remove manganese. 16 S rRNA sequencing results showed that there were a variety and high abundance of manganese oxidizing bacteria(MnOB) and manganese oxidation genes on BAC particles, which dominated the oxidation of Mn(Ⅱ) during the stable operation period and ensured its stable removal in different water quality. When Mn(Ⅱ) concentration suddenly increased, the BAC process had the problems of long adaptation period(30 d) and drastic fluctuation of manganese removal efficiency. In the O_(3)-BAC enhanced manganese removal process, pre-O_(3) could not only improve the manganese removal efficiency of BAC process and control the concentration of Mn(Ⅱ) in the treated water below 0.05 mg/L when the inflow Mn(Ⅱ) concentration was stable, but also ensure the treated water quality was stable when the Mn(Ⅱ) concentration of inflow water increased suddenly. In addition, the effect of organic matter and ammonia nitrogen in raw water on the manganese removal efficiency of BAC was considered.

关 键 词：饮用水 生物活性炭(BAC) Mn(Ⅱ) 锰氧化细菌(MnOB) 锰氧化基因 

分 类 号：TU991[建筑科学—市政工程]