基于RSM-GA方法的超声振动切削工艺参数优化  

Optimization of Ultrasonic Vibration Cutting Parameters Based on RSM-GA

作　　者：赵鹏程 ZHAO Peng-cheng(China Coal Technology&Engineering Group Taiyuan Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Taiyuan 030006,Shanxi;Shanxi Tiandi Coal Mining Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Taiyuan 030006,Shanxi;China National Engineering Laboratory for Coal Mining Machinery,Taiyuan 030006,Shanxi)

机构地区：[1]中国煤炭科工集团太原研究院有限公司,山西太原030006 [2]山西天地煤机装备有限公司,山西太原030006 [3]煤矿采掘机械装备国家工程实验室,山西太原030006

出　　处：《凿岩机械气动工具》2022年第4期39-45,共7页Rock Drilling Machinery & Pneumatic Tools

基　　金：山西天地煤机装备有限公司2022年自立项目(M2022-MS09)。

摘　　要：超声振动切削工艺是一种先进的加工技术,在加工超硬或超软的材料方面有独特的优势。为了提高超声振动切削工艺的加工质量,降低工件的表面粗糙度,建立了超声振动切削加工工件表面粗糙度与主轴转速、切削速度、进给量和超声波振幅间的数学模型,对影响超声振动切削加工工件表面粗糙度的工艺参数进行了优化。本文先基于响应曲面法(Response Surface Methodology,RSM),建立了45钢超声振动切削的二阶响应模型,通过中心复合实验对45钢超声振动切削粗糙度模型进行了拟合;通过基于方差分析的显著性分析和基于残差图的有效性分析,验证了所建模型的可靠性,通过超声振动切削工件表面粗糙度的3D响应曲面图,分析了各工艺参数对表面粗糙度的交互作用的影响,将遗传算法应用于加工参数的优化,选出了较适宜的切削用量,并再次进行试验验证。结果表明:各工艺参数间的最优组合为:主轴转速为70.95 m/min,切削速度为0.11 m/min,进给量为0.95 mm/r,超声波振幅为26.80 mm,优化后的参数组合提高了加工质量。Ultrasonic vibration cutting technology is an advanced machining technology,which has unique advantages in machining super hard or super soft materials.In order to improve the processing quality of the ultrasonic vibration cutting process and reduce the surface roughness of the workpiece,a mathematical model between the surface roughness of the ultrasonic vibration cutting workpiece and the spindle speed,cutting speed,feed rate and ultrasonic amplitude is established,the process parameters affecting the surface roughness of the workpiece subjected to ultrasonic vibration machining are optimized.In this paper,based on the Response Surface Methodology(RSM),the second-order response model of 45 steel ultrasonic vibration cutting is established.The 45-steel ultrasonic vibration cutting roughness model is fitted by the central composite experiment.The reliability of the model was verified by the significance analysis based on analysis of variance and the validity analysis based on residual graph.The 3D response surface map of the surface roughness of the workpiece was cut by ultrasonic vibration,and the influence of various process parameters on the surface roughness was analyzed.Applying genetic algorithm to the optimization of machining parameters,and the suitable cutting amount was selected,and test again to verify.The results show that the optimal combination of process parameters is:spindle speed is 70.95 m/min,cutting speed is 0.11 m/min,feed rate is 0.95 mm/r,ultrasonic amplitude is 26.80 mm,and the optimized parameter combination improves the machining quality.

关 键 词：超声振动切削加工 遗传算法 响应曲面法 参数优化 交互作用 

分 类 号：TG663[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]