开放式水泵旋转双隔舌蜗壳内压力脉动特性的试验研究  

Tests for pressure pulsation characteristics in rotating dual-tongue volute of open water pump

作　　者：张金凤[1] 朱益磊 李亚林[1,2] 黄萍 徐慧[2] 郑峰 ZHANG Jinfeng;ZHU Yilei;LI Yalin;HUANG Ping;XU Hui;ZHENG Feng(National Engineering Technology Research Center of Water Pump and System,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China;Ningbo FOTILE Kitchen Ware Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo 315336,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学国家水泵及系统工程技术研究中心,江苏镇江212013 [2]宁波方太厨具有限公司,浙江宁波315336

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2022年第23期60-66,共7页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(51809120);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20180871);中国博士后科学基(2018M640462);江苏省高等学校自然科学研究项目(18KJB470005)。

摘　　要：为了揭示新型开放式水泵旋转双隔舌蜗壳内压力脉动特性和规律,以水槽式洗碗机关键核心部件-开放式水泵为研究对象,基于创新的旋转压力脉动测试技术和设备,首次得到双隔舌蜗壳被动旋转、不同叶轮转速以及不同水位下监测点的脉动时域信号,并进行频域分析。试验结果表明:蜗壳被动旋转过程中消耗能量,导致蜗壳被动旋转时压力脉动平均幅值小于蜗壳静止时的压力脉动平均幅值。由于蜗壳中隔舌的周期设计,在叶轮旋转一周的时间内,压力脉动曲线出现2倍叶片数的波峰和波谷。与蜗壳静止相比,蜗壳被动旋转过程中叶轮与蜗壳的相对速度减小,这使得在叶轮转速为2000 r/min、2200 r/min、2400 r/min以及2600 r/min时,蜗壳旋转时的压力脉动主频略小于蜗壳静止时的压力脉动主频。脉动强度与监测点位置相关,位于后泵腔位置监测点压力存在负值,靠近出口位置监测点受到蜗壳喷淋臂上喷嘴射流的影响,脉动曲线变得紊乱,监测点距离复合式叶轮越远,脉动振幅越小。泵在低水位运行时,泵内进入空气,脉动曲线周期性不明显,此时脉动主频为1倍轴频。水位越高,蜗壳被动旋转过程中受到阻力越大,导致脉动主频在水位48 mm和66 mm时分别为2倍叶频和1倍叶频。该试验采用的旋转测试装置解决了旋转时压力脉动测试问题,为类似问题提供参考。Here, to reveal characteristics and laws of pressure pulsation in rotating dual-tongue volute of new type of open water pump, the key core component of a sink dishwasher, i.e., its open water pump was taken as the study object. Based on the innovative rotating pressure pulsation testing technology and equipment, pressure pulsating time-domain signals of passive rotating of dual-tongue volute, different impeller speeds and different water levels were obtained for the first time, and frequency-domain analyses were performed for these obtained signals. Test results showed that energy consumed during passive rotating of volute causes the average amplitude of pressure fluctuation during volute passive rotating being smaller than that during volute being static;due to periodic design of tongue in volute, pressure fluctuation curve has wave peaks and valleys 2 times the number of blades within one rotation of impeller;compared with static volute, the relative speed between impeller and volute decreases during volute passive rotation to make the main frequency of pressure pulsation during volute rotating slightly less than that during volute being static while impeller rotating speed is 2 000 r/min, 2 200 r/min, 2 400 r/min and 2 600 r/min;pulsation intensity is related to position of monitoring point, the pressure of the monitoring point at rear pump chamber has a negative value, the monitoring point near outlet is affected by nozzle jet on volute spray arm and its pulsation curve becomes disordered;the farther the monitoring point from composite impeller, the smaller the pulsation amplitude;when pump operates at low water level, air enters pump, and the periodicity of pressure pulsation curve is not obvious, the main frequency of pulsation is 1 times shaft frequency;the higher the water level, the larger the resistance exerted on volute during its passive rotation, the main frequency of pressure pulsation is 2 times blade frequency and 1 times blade frequency when water level is 48 mm and 66 mm, respectively;the rotati

关 键 词：开放式水泵 双隔舌蜗壳 压力脉动 轴频 叶频 蜗壳被动旋转 

分 类 号：TH311[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]