箭叶淫羊藿种子的休眠类型与萌发研究  

Dormancy type and germination of Epimedium sagittatum seeds

作　　者：吉浴芳 宋松泉[3] 田向荣[1] 高家东 戴嘉兴 刘军 JI Yufang;SONG Songquan;TIAN Xiangrong;GAO Jiadong;DAI Jiaxing;LIU Jun(College of Biology and Environmental Sciences,Jishou University,Jishou 416000,Hunan,China;Agro-biological Gene Research Center,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization,Guangzhou 510640,China;Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093,China)

机构地区：[1]吉首大学生物资源与环境科学学院,湖南吉首416000 [2]广东省农业科学院农业生物基因研究中心,广东省农作物种质资源保护与利用重点实验室,广州510640 [3]中国科学院植物研究所,北京100093

出　　处：《广西植物》2022年第11期1939-1948,共10页Guihaia

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31871716);广东省农作物种质资源保存与利用重点实验室项目(2020B121201008)。

摘　　要：箭叶淫羊藿具有重要的药用价值和较大的市场需求,但其种子休眠和萌发特性目前仍不够清楚,严重影响了其产业化育苗与栽培。为探明其种子的休眠类型及释放休眠和促进休眠的最适方法,该文以箭叶淫羊藿的成熟种子为材料,研究种子对水分的吸收、种子的脱水耐性,以及温度、层积和植物激素对种子休眠与萌发的影响。结果表明:(1)箭叶淫羊藿种子不具有物理休眠,而具耐脱水性。(2)在4~25℃和黑暗条件下,种子萌发率为零,具有休眠特性。(3)胚与种子的比值非常小,4℃和10℃及变温层积能显著地促进胚的生长发育以及增加种子的萌发速率和萌发率。(4)赤霉素和氟啶酮显著增加种子的萌发速率和萌发率。综上认为,箭叶淫羊藿种子的休眠类型为形态生理休眠(MPD),释放休眠和促进萌发的最适方法是先将种子在10℃中层积30 d,再置于4℃环境中让其萌发。该研究结果为箭叶淫羊藿的产业化育苗提供了参考。Epimedium sagittatum plants have an important medicinal value and a huge market demand,but the characteristics on dormancy and germination of their seeds are still unclear,which seriously affects its industrial seedling production and cultivation.In order to verify the type of seed dormancy and the optimal way to release and promote dormacy,using the mature seeds of E.sagittatum as experimental materials,we investigated the water uptake and the desiccation tolerance of seeds,as well as the effects of temperature,stratification and phytohormone on seed dormancy and germination.The results were as follows:(1)E.sagittatum seeds had no physical dormancy but had desiccation tolerance.(2)The germination percentage of seeds was zero at 4-25℃and darkness,and these seeds had dormancy characteristics.(3)The embryo/seed ratio was very small,as well as embryo growth and development and seed germination rate and germination percentage were increased by stratification at 4℃,10℃percentage rate and fluctuating temperature stratification.(4)Gibberellin and fluridone significantly increased the germination rate and germination percentage of seeds.In sum,all the above results indicate that the dormancy type of E.sagittatum seeds is morphophysiological dormancy,and the optimal method to release dormancy and promote germination is to stratify the seeds at 10℃for 30 d and then transfer to the environment of 4℃.This study provides the reference for industrial culturing seedlings of E.sagittatum.

关 键 词：脱水耐性 箭叶淫羊藿种子 萌发 形态生理休眠 层积 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]