坝上农牧交错区一年生饲草与主要农作物水分利用效率比较研究  

Study on Water Use Efficiency of Annual Forage Grass and Main Crops in Bashang Agro-Pastoral Ecotone

作　　者：王婷[1] 王开丽[1] 豆鹏鹏 黄晶[1] 张旭泽 苗正洲 王堃[1] WANG Ting;WANG Kai-li;DOU Peng-peng;HUANG Jing;ZHANG Xu-ze;MIAO Zheng-zhou;WANG Kun(School of Grassland Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Haidian,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学草业科学与技术学院,北京100193

出　　处：《草地学报》2022年第12期3184-3190,共7页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划农产品产地环境评价分级与保护改良共性标准研究中"草原生态保护与建设通用技术标准研究"2018YFF0213405资助。

摘　　要：为探究河北坝上地区饲草与作物对水资源的利用程度,本研究在河北省察北管理区种植3种一年生饲草(燕麦Avena sativa L.、箭筈豌豆Vicia sativa L.、玉米Zea mays L.)和4种主要农作物(莜麦Avena chinensis Metzg.、小麦Triticum aestivum L.、胡麻Linum usitatissimum L.、马铃薯Solanum tuberosum L.),通过种植试验比较一年生饲草和农作物水资源利用效率的差异,得出以下结论:一年生饲草产量高于农作物,其平均水分利用率(52.93%)比农作物水分利用率(36.33%)高出16.60%,玉米产量(63.92 t·hm^(-2))最高,水分利用率最高(141.80%),马铃薯(19.53%)水分利用率最低;一年生饲草水分利用率由植株磷含量、植株钾含量、温度、细胞间CO_(2)浓度、鲜干比共同解释;农作物水分利用率由茎叶比、植物氮含量和细胞间CO_(2)浓度共同解释。In this study,3 annual forage grasses(Avena sativa L.,Vicia sativa L.,Zea mays L.) and 4 main crops(Avena chinensis Metzg.,Triticum aestivum L.,Sesamum indicum L.,Solanum tuberosum L.) were planted in Chabei Precinct of Hebei Province,the differences in water use efficiency between annual forage grasses and crops were compared through planting experiments.Conclusions were as follows:The yield of annual forage grass is higher than that of crops,and its average water use efficiency(52.93%) is 16.60% higher than that of crops(36.33%).The yield of maize(t·hm^(-2)) is the highest,the water use efficiency(141.80%) is the highest,and the water use efficiency of potato(19.53%) is the lowest;Water use efficiency of annual forage grass was explained by plant phosphorus content,plant potassium content,temperature,intercellular CO_(2) concentration and fresh dry ratio;Crop water use efficiency is explained by stem leaf ratio,plant nitrogen content and intercellular CO_(2) concentration.

关 键 词：农牧交错带 水分利用率 农作物 一年生饲草 

分 类 号：S542.9[农业科学—作物学] S544.9