脱叶剂喷施时间对棉花脱叶效果及不同部位果枝产量的影响  

Defoliant on Cotton Defoliation Effect and Its Influence on the Yield of Different Position Fruit Branches

作　　者：崔进鑫 陆小双 李生梅 杨涛[1] 庞博 王红刚 高文伟[1] CUI Jinxin;LU Xiaoshuang;LI Shengmei;YANG Tao;PANG Bo;WANG Honggang;GAO Wenwei(College of Agronomy,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2022年第10期2384-2393,共10页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：天山青年计划(2018Q016)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究脱叶剂喷施时间对棉花脱叶效果及不同部位果枝产量的影响,筛选出适宜的脱叶剂喷施时间,为增产保质提供理论依据。【方法】以新疆北疆5个棉花主栽品种为材料,于吐絮期设置3个喷施处理,分别为吐絮率为10%~20%(T_(1))、吐絮率为30%~50%(T_(2))、吐絮率为70%~80%(T_(3)),喷施清水为对照(CK),分析脱叶剂处理后,对棉花脱叶率、吐絮率、产量及产量构成因素的影响。【结果】苗宝21号和新陆早37号在T_(3)的脱叶效果最佳;农大1号、国新73号、C_(1)在T_(2)脱叶效果最佳;脱叶剂处理对苗宝21号和农大1号的吐絮率影响不大,吐絮率约85%;对国新73号、C_(1)的吐絮率影响较大,苗宝21号T_(2)显著高于T_(1);农大1号、国新73号、新陆早37号T_(1)吐絮率高于其他处理;C_(1)各处理间T_(3)吐絮率最高。随着脱叶剂喷施时间,自然吐絮增加(T_(3)>T_(2)>T_(1)),各品种各处理吐絮增量逐渐降低(T_(1)>T_(2)>T_(3));苗宝21号、农大1号T_(2)时期,籽棉产量和皮棉显著增产,但衣分相对较低,CK衣分最高。C_(1)衣分在T_(2)时期显著高于T_(1)。不同品种、处理、果枝位置对产量和衣分及铃重的影响,具有交互效应。【结论】苗宝21号、农大1号、国新73号、C_(1)在T_(2)脱叶效果较优,吐絮率较好,籽棉产量和皮棉产量相对较高,衣分较低;新陆早37号在T_(3)脱叶最佳,吐絮率较高,产量最高,衣分和铃重最高。【Objective】This research aims to study the effect of defoliantion spraying time on cotton defoliation and the yield of fruit branches at different positions in the hope of screening out the appropriate defoliant spraying time and providing a theoretical basis for increasing yield and quality.【Method】The five main varieties of northern Xinjiang were taken as materials,three spraying treatments were set up during the boll-out period,with boll-out rate of 10%-20%(T_(1)),boll-out rate of 30%-50%(T_(2)),and boll-out rate of 70%-80%(T_(3)),with spraying clean water as the control(CK)to explore the effect of defoliant treatment on cotton defoliation rate,boll spit rate,yield and yield components.【Results】The results showed that Miaobao 21 and Xinluzao 37 had the best defoliation effect at T_(3);Nongda 1,Guoxin 73 and C_(1)had the best defoliation effect at T_(2).Defoliant treatment had little effect on the boll-out rate of Miaobao 21 and Nongda 1,and the boll-out rate was about 85%.It had a greater impact on the boll release rate of Guoxin 73 and C_(1),and Miaobao 21 T_(2)was significantly higher than those of T_(1).Nongda 1,Guoxin No.73 and Xinluzao 37 T_(1)boil-off rate was higher than those of other treatments.Nongda 1,Guoxin 73 and Xinluzao 37 T_(1) boil-off rate was higher than those of other treatments.The highest T_(3) spitting rate was observed between the C_(1) treatments.With the spraying time of the defoliant,the natural flocculation increased(T_(3)>T_(2)>T_(1)),and the increase of the flocculation of each variety and treatment gradually decreased(T_(1)>T_(2)>T_(3)).During the T_(2)period of Miaobao 21 and Nongda 1,the yield of seed cotton and lint increased significantly,but the lint score was relatively low,and the CK lint score was the highest.C_(1)clothing score was significantly higher than that of T_(1)during T_(2).Different varieties,treatments and positions of fruit branches had interactive effects on yield,lint percentage and boll weight.【Conclusion】The study has found that Miaobao 21

关 键 词：脱叶剂 脱叶率 单铃重 衣分 产量 交互影响 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]