新疆不同甜菜种植区域生产成本比较效益分析  

Investigation and Analysis of Sugar Beet Planting Status and Comparative Benefit in the Northern Xinjiang

作　　者：林明 鲁伟丹[2] 曹禹 李蔚农 陈友强 刘华君[2] 潘竟海[2] 阿不都卡地尔·库尔班[2] 王志敏 LIN Ming;LU Weidan;CAO Yu;LI Weinong;CHEN Youqiang;LIU Huajun;PAN Jinghai;Abdukadier Kurban;WANG Zhimin(College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Institute of Cash Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China;Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Yili Prefecture,Yining Xinjiang 835000,China;Xinjiang Shihezi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shihezi Xinjiang 832000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学院,北京100193 [2]新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [3]新疆伊犁州农业科学研究所,新疆伊宁835000 [4]新疆石河子农业科学研究院,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2022年第10期2438-2445,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业(糖料)产业技术体系项目(CARS-170724);新疆维吾尔自治区科技成果转化示范专项(2020B007)。

摘　　要：【目的】比较分析新疆北疆甜菜投入与产出以及单位面积总生产成本状况。【方法】以新疆伊犁河谷、塔额盆地、天山北坡三大甜菜种植主产区为研究区域,采用调查问卷及实施调研方法,运用分类比较法、比例分析法,比较分析新疆甜菜甜菜种植情况及经济效益。【结果】天山北坡与塔额盆地均为6.67~33.3 hm^(2),所占比重较高,分别为33.33%与42.86%;单产在4~5 t/667 m^(2)的种植户最多,占43.28%,其次是5~6 t/667 m^(2)的种植户,占调查总数的32.84%;4 t/667 m^(2)以下种植户仅占调查总数的5.97%。塔额盆地承包费为329.29元/667 m^(2),显著低于其他两个甜菜种植区,而天山北坡地区承包费为550元/667 m^(2)较所有调查户承包费高出83.77元/667 m^(2)。在甜菜种植总成本构成中,承包费、劳动力费以及机械费均占较高比例,天山北坡、塔额盆地、伊犁河谷地区甜菜种植成本分别为1716.07、1429.76和1736.97元/667m^(2)。【结论】甜菜的生产成本和经济效益受不同种植区域的影响,新疆北疆甜菜成本收益率表现为塔额盆地>天山北坡>伊犁河谷,承包费、劳动力费、机械费与肥料费是构成最主要甜菜种植成本。【Objective】To compare and analyze the planting situation,production input and output of the Xinjiang beet and the total production cost per mu and its structure by taking Yili Rive Valley,Tacheng-Emin Basin and the Northern Slope of Tianshan Mountain as the research areas.【Methods】The questionnaire data,the classification comparison method and proportion analysis method were used to compare and analyze the planting situation and economic benefits of sugar beet in Xinjiang.【Results】The Northern Slope of Tianshan Mountains and Tacheng-Emin Basin are 6.67-33.3 hm^(2),accounting for a higher proportion of 33.33%and 42.86%,respectively;The farmers with yield per unit area of 4-5 t/667 m^(2) were the most,accounting for 43.28%,followed by those with yield area of 5-6 t/667 m^(2),accounting for 32.84%.Farmers below 4 t/667 m^(2) accounted for only 5.97%of the total.The contract fee of Tacheng-Emin Basin is 329.29 yuan/667m^(2),which is significantly lower than that of the other two beet growing areas,while the contract fee of the north slope of Tianshan Mountains is 550 yuan/667m^(2),which is 83.77 yuan/667m^(2) higher than that of all surveyed households.In the total cost composition of sugar beet planting,the contract cost,labor cost and machinery cost all accounted for a high proportion.The sugar beet planting cost in the north slope of Tianshan Mountain,Tacheng-Emin Basin and Yili Valley were 1,716.07 yuan,1,429.76 yuan and 1,736.97 yuan/667m^(2),respectively.【Conclusion】The production cost and economic benefit of sugar beet were affected by different planting areas,and the cost return rate of different regions was as follows:Tacheng-Emin Basin>Northern Slope of Tianshan Mountain>Yili Rive Valley,and contract cost,labor cost,machinery cost and fertilizer cost constituted the most important items of sugar beet planting items.

关 键 词：甜菜 成本 比较效益 

分 类 号：S566.3[农业科学—作物学]