一种来源于葡萄叶片的真菌(Quambalaria cyanescens)的鉴定及培养特性  

Identification of a Rare Fungus(Quambalaria cyanescens)Derived from Grape Leaves

作　　者：翟亚伟 赵颖[1,2] 李胜男 朱妙菲 潘雯 巴音达拉 马荣 ZHAI Yawei;ZHAO Ying;LI Shengnan;ZHU Miaofei;PAN Wen;Bayandala;MA Rong(College of Forestry and Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Forestry and Grassland Resources Monitoring Center of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Urumqi 830002,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆生产建设兵团林业和草原资源监测中心,乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2022年第10期2546-2553,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31460198)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究一株来源于新疆吐鲁番市葡萄病叶上真菌的种类及分类地位。【方法】观察菌株的培养性状,测量初生分生孢子和次生分生孢子的大小,基于ITS、LSU基因片段采用最大简约法、最大似然法和贝叶斯法构建系统发育树;将该纯化菌株活化培养至不同培养基种类、光照条件、pH值和培养温度等4个因素的不同水平下培养,混合正交试验,分析最适生长条件。【结果】培养基种类、光照条件、pH值和培养温度等4个因素的交互作用对菌株Pt4-1菌落生长具有显著影响,菌株Pt4-1在PDA、SDA培养基上较CMA培养基生长更快,菌株在SDA培养基、半光照、pH5、温度25℃条件下的生长速率最大,平均生长速率为2.29 cm/d;菌株Pt4-1在CMA培养基、半光照、pH 5、温度25℃条件下的生长速率最小,平均生长速率为0.55 cm/d。【结论】菌株Pt4-1为蓝色刺孢霉Quambalaria cyanescens;菌株Pt4-1在不同培养条件下菌落形态不同,在PDA、SDA培养基上生长良好,可分泌紫色色素,在CMA培养基上生长但不分泌色素;随着培养温度的升高,色素分泌减少。【Objective】To clarify the species and taxonomic status of a rare fungus from grapevine diseased leaves in Turpan region of Xinjiang.【Methods】Culture traits were observed in the strains and the size of primary and secondary conidia were measured.Based on ITS and LSU sequences,phylogenetic tree was constructed by Maximum likelihood,the maximum parsimony method and Bayesian method.Meanwhile,the purified strain was cultured to different levels of four factors,such as different medium types,light conditions,pH and culture temperature,and combined orthogonal experiment were conducted to explore the optimum growth conditions.【Results】The results showed that the interaction of four factors,including medium species,light conditions,pH values and culture temperature,was found to have a significant effect on strain Pt4-1and the strain grew faster on PDA,SDA medium than on CMA medium.The growth rate of strain Pt4-1 grew the fastest under SDA medium,semi-light,pH 5 and temperature 25℃,with the average growth rate of 2.29 cm/d.The growth rate of strain Pt4-1 was the weakest under CMA medium,half-light,pH 5 and temperature 25℃,the average growth rate was 0.55 cm/d.【Conclusion】After comprehensive analysis,Pt4-1 was identified as Quambalaria cyanescens.Mixed orthogonal tests indicated that the growth rate of strain Pt4-1 was faster on PDA and SDA media than that on CMA medium and could secret purple pigment,but no purple pigment on CMA medium.With the increase of culture temperature,the secretion of pigment decreased.

关 键 词：蓝色刺孢霉Quambalaria cyanescens 葡萄叶片 种类鉴定 培养特征 

分 类 号：S188[农业科学—农业基础科学]