沈阳市2000-2020年土地利用变化及其生态效应分析  

Analysis of Land Use Change and Ecological Effect in Shenyang from 2000 to 2020

作　　者：张舒涵 姜海玲[1] 王丽遥 陈光义 于海淋 ZHANG Shuhan;JIANG Hailing;WANG Liyao;CHEN Guangyi;YU Hailin(College of Tourist and Geoscience,Jilin Normal University,Siping 136000,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林师范大学旅游与地理科学学院,吉林四平136000

出　　处：《无线电工程》2022年第12期2222-2228,共7页Radio Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41701424);遥感科学国家重点实验室开放研究基金项目(OFSLRSS201716);天津市应用基础计划项目(18JCQNJC70400)。

摘　　要：土地利用格局的变化对生态系统环境的影响重大,它是区域间人地关系的桥梁之一。利用沈阳市2000,2010,2020年3期高分辨率的土地利用数据,基于沈阳市的城市定位,依据土地利用转移矩阵、动态度探析区域化的土地格局及转型,应用区域生态环境质量指数和土地利用转型生态贡献率评估生态效应。结果表明:①20年间,耕地是区域重点发展地类,面积始终占70%以上,建设用地扩展持续缓慢,水域面积稳中有升,耕地与草地之间的地类转换明显,二者面积略有下降,未利用土地与林地面积变化不大,维持自身生态平稳。②20年间,生态环境质量指数动态变化,呈“先升后降”趋势。③部分区域草地垦荒、建设用地规模广,生态问题严峻,在政府退耕还林、退耕还草等一系列政策的实施下,生态环境有所改善,但恶化趋势仍略高于改善趋势。探索沈阳市生态约束下的土地空间规划是很有必要的,研究结果可为沈阳市土地的空间格局优化、生态环境改善提供一定的科学依据。The change of land use pattern has great influence on ecosystem environment,which is one of the bridges of man-land relationship between regions.Based on the urban positioning of Shenyang,using high-resolution land use data of Shenyang for three periods of 2000,2010 and 2020,the land pattern and transformation of regionalization are analyzed according to land use transfer matrix and dynamic degree,and the ecological effects are evaluated by applying the regional eco-environmental quality index and the ecological contribution rate of land use transformation.The results show that:①In the past 20 years,arable land was a priority for regional development,accounting for more than 70%;building land expanded slowly;water area was steady and rising.The land type conversion between arable land and grassland was obvious,and the area of both decreased slightly.The area of unused land and woodland did not change much,so as to maintain its ecological stability.②The eco-environmental quality index showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing in 20 years.③In some regions,grassland reclamation and building land are widespread,and ecological problems are serious.With the implementation of a series of government policies such as returning farmland to forest and grassland,the ecological environment has improved somewhat,but the trend of deterioration is still slightly higher than the trend of improvement.Therefore,it is necessary to explore the land space planning under the ecological constraints in Shenyang.The research results provide a scientific basis for optimizing the spatial pattern of land and improving the ecological environment in Shenyang.

关 键 词：土地利用变化 土地利用动态度 生态环境质量 生态效应 沈阳市 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济] X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]