水分胁迫对醉马草生长的影响  

Effects of Water Stress on the Growth of Achnatherum inebrians

作　　者：蔡沙 岳永寰 靳瑰丽[1] CAI Sha;YUE Yonghuan;JIN Guili(Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology/College of Pratacultural and Environmental Sciences,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院/新疆草地资源与生态实验室,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2022年第11期2714-2723,共10页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区高峰学科项目(CXGFXK-2017-02)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究并测定水分胁迫下醉马草生长特性指标,分析其抗旱机制。【方法】以醉马草幼苗为材料,在温室条件下采用模拟自然干旱法,测定醉马草有效叶片性状表型(株高、叶面积、各器官生物量鲜干重、根冠比)在正常浇水和持续水分胁迫条件下变化规律。【结果】随着持续水分胁迫时间的延长,醉马草叶片数、有效叶片数减少,枯叶数增加(P<0.05)。早期水分胁迫增加了醉马草叶长、叶宽、叶面积,而水分胁迫21 d后显著降低(P<0.05)。水分胁迫促进了醉马草株高增长以及地上、地下、植株生物量,但随着水分胁迫延长至21 d又显著降低,而地下生物量分配增加(P<0.05)。复水7 d后,各项指标与对照差异不显著,醉马草生长得到恢复。干旱胁迫下醉马草幼苗生长受阻,但通过减少叶面积降低了水分蒸腾面积,增加地下生物量分配来提高水分利用,并能在水分胁迫消除后迅速恢复正常生长。【结论】醉马草通过增加地下生长,降低地上水分蒸散器官生长来适应水分胁迫。【Objective】The purpose of this study is to explore its drought resistance mechanism by measuring the growth characteristics of Achnatherum inebrians under water stress(water stress).【Methods】Te seedlings of the Achnatherum inebrians was taken as the research material,the method of simulated natural drought was used in the greenhouse to observe the phenotypic changes of the effective leaf traits,plant height,leaf area,fresh dry weight of each organ's biomass,and root-shoot ratio under normal watering and continuous water stress conditions.【Results】With the prolongation of the duration of water stress,the number of leaves and effective leaves of A.inebrians decreased,and the number of dead leaves increased(P<0.05).Early water stress increased the leaf length,leaf width,and leaf area of the A.inebrians,but significantly decreased after 21 d(P<0.05).water stress promoted the growth of plant height and aboveground,underground,and plant biomass,but as water stress extended to 21 d,it decreased significantly,while underground biomass allocation increased(P<0.05).After 7 days of rehydration,there was no significant difference between the indicators and the control,and the growth of A.inebrians was restored.It could be seen that under drought stress,the growth of the seedlings of the A.inebrians was hindered,but the water transpiration area was reduced by reducing the leaf area,and the underground biomass allocation was increased to improve the water use,and could quickly resume normal growth after the water stress is eliminated.【Conclusion】The A.inebrians adapts to water stress by increasing underground growth and reducing the growth of above-ground water evapotranspiration organs.

关 键 词：醉马草 持续水分胁迫 生长特性 表型 生物量分配 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]