不同葡萄砧木贮藏营养及矿质营养比较  

Comparison of Different Grapevine Rootstocks on Storage and Mineral Nutrition

作　　者：张艺灿 刘凤之[1] 王海波[1] Zhang Yican;Liu Fengzhi;Wang Haibo(Fruit Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Germplasm Resources Utilization of Horticultural Crops,Ministry of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Mineral Nutrition and Fertilizers Efficient Utilization of Deciduous Fruit Tree,Liaoning province,Xingcheng 125100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院果树研究所/农业农村部园艺作物种质资源利用重点实验室/辽宁省落叶果树矿质营养与肥料高效利用重点实验室,兴城125100

出　　处：《农业大数据学报》2022年第3期77-83,共7页Journal of Agricultural Big Data

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-29);国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFD1000204);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-2016-RIP-04)。

摘　　要：【目的】文章研究旨在分析不同葡萄砧木品种一年生枝条贮藏营养及矿质营养含量,为葡萄砧木的选择与应用提供数据支持。【方法】基于中国农业科学院果树研究所收集的19个葡萄砧木品种,分析测定各砧木品种枝条可溶性糖、淀粉、游离氨基酸、可溶性蛋白及矿质元素氮、磷、钾及镁的含量,并利用聚类分析研究各品种间的相似性。【结果】各砧木枝条均以可溶性糖为其贮藏营养的主要成分,范围在44~93mg/g,品种间差异显著。游离氨基酸的含量范围在0.8~3.5mg/g之间变化,可溶性蛋白的含量变化较小。枝条中钾与磷的含量显著高于氮且高于镁的含量。其中不同品种间钾及镁的含量差异显著,氮与磷的变化幅度相对较小。对19个砧木品种进行聚类分析,可获得7个类群。其中140R自成一个类群,其可溶性糖与淀粉的含量相当,游离氨基酸含量最高,但P与N的含量较低;101-14、420A及抗砧1号聚集形成的类群具有较高的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白及氮含量;34EM、225Ru、5BB及1103P聚集形成的类群钾、镁、磷吸收效率较高。【结论】在葡萄砧木枝条中,可溶性糖是其贮藏营养的主要成分物质,矿质元素以钾的含量最高,各砧木枝条中贮藏营养和矿质营养含量差异显著,砧木表现出的不同特点或成为砧木利用的依据。[Objective]This study analyzed different grapevine rootstocks storage and mineral nutrition content in juvenile branch and aimed to provide data for selection and usage of rootstocks.[Method]Nineteen grapevine rootstocks were collected by fruit research institute,Chinese academy of agricultural sciences and soluble sugar(SS),starch,free amino acid(FAA),soluble protein(SP),nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),potassium(K),and magnesium(Mg)content were measured and analyzed in juvenile branch and clustering analysis was used to study similarity of different cultivars.[Result]SS was the main component of storage nutrient in all rootstocks ranging from 44 to 93mg/g,and the difference was significant between treatments.FAA content was fluctuated from 0.8 to 3.5mg/g,meanwhile,SP content had little change.K and P content were significant higher than N and Mg content in branch.K and Mg contents had significant difference between different cultivars,however,the amplitude of variation of nitrogen and P content were smaller.nineteen grapevine rootstocks were subjected cluster analysis and divided to seven class groups,in which 140R was self-contained and SS and starch content was equal,as well as,FAA content was highest but N and P were lower;the class group consisting of 101-14,420A,and kangzhen No 1 had higher SS,SP,and N content;34EM,225Ru,5BB and 1103P had higher absorption efficiency of K,Mg and P.[Conclusion]SS was the main component of storage nutrient in grape branch,and K content was highest in mineral nutrient.The storage and mineral nutrient had significant difference among rootstocks,and different features showed from rootstock maybe provide basis for rootstock usage.

关 键 词：葡萄砧木 贮藏营养 矿质营养 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S663[农业科学—果树学]