[火用]分析在油田集输系统能耗分析中的应用  

Application of exergy analysis in analyzing energy consumption of oil field gathering and transportation system

作　　者：成庆林[1] 郭子敬 杨金威 孙巍[1] 李治东 CHENG Qinglin;GUO Zijing;YANG Jinwei;SUN Wei;LI Zhidong(Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of China on Enhanced Oil&Gas Recovery Efficiency,Northeast Petroleum University,Daqing,Heilongjiang,163000,China;SINO-Pipeline International Company Limited,Beijing,100007,China)

机构地区：[1]东北石油大学提高油气采收率教育部重点实验室,黑龙江大庆163000 [2]中油国际管道公司,北京100007

出　　处：《天然气与石油》2022年第6期1-7,共7页Natural Gas and Oil

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“原油罐储多环节关联加热维温体系的传递描述与特性分析研究”(52074089);黑龙江省自然科学基金“原油浮顶储罐加热维温过程多环节关联的传递描述与分析”(LH2019E019)。

摘　　要：油田集输系统作为油田生产过程的重要组成部分,其能耗约占原油生产总能耗的30%以上。因此,对油田集输系统进行能耗分析十分必要。油田集输系统的能耗分析大多采用以热力学第一定律为基础的能量守恒模型,却忽略了在能量转换和传递过程中高品位能转变为低品位能是导致原油生产设备能量利用率低的重要原因。从能量利用的角度将油田集输系统分为热能利用系统和用电系统,并对每个系统中关键的单体设备进行[火用]分析,探究能质利用情况。总结每个系统内关键设备能量利用效率低的原因及其解决方法,发现热能利用系统能质蜕变程度较大,[火用]效率较低。为实现节能降耗,降低CO排放,提出了多能级互补系统[火用]分析模型,并指出[火用]分析与经济学相结合是分析用能系统未来的发展趋势。Oilfield gathering and transportation system is an important part of oilfield production process, as its energy consumption accounts for more than 30% of the total energy consumption of crude oil production. Therefore, it is essential to analyze energy consumption of oil field gathering and transportation system. Energy conservation models based on the first law of thermodynamics are used in energy consumption analysis of oil field gathering and transportation system most of the time. However, it has neglected the fact that the conversion of high grade energy into low grade energy is an important reason for the low energy utilization rate of oil production equipment during the process of energy conversion and transmission. From the perspective of energy utilization, the oil field gathering and transportation system is divided into thermal energy utilization system and electrical power system. Exergy analysis is then carried out on key individual equipment in each system to explore their quality of energy utilization. They are reasons and the solutions to low energy utilization efficiency of key equipment in each system are analyzed. It is found that the thermal energy utilization system has a higher degree of transformation in the quality of energy and yet lower degree of exergy efficiency. In order to save energy, lower energy consumption and reduce COemissions, the exergy analysis model with multi-level complementary system is proposed. It is also pointed out that the combination of exergy analysis and economics study is the future development trend of energy utilization system.

关 键 词：[火用]分析 热能利用系统 用电系统 多能级互补系统 

分 类 号：TE863[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]