雪橇项目滑行阶段的风阻力特征  

Aerodynamic drag characteristics of luge athletes during gliding

作　　者：李波[1,3] 张渊召 沈梦 徐金成 胡齐 洪平 LI Bo;ZHANG Yuanzhao;SHEN Meng;XU Jincheng;HU Qi;HONG Ping(School of Civil Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;Winter Sports Administration Center,General Administration of Sport of China,Beijing 100044,China;Beijing’s Key Laboratory of Structural Wind Engineering and Urban Wind Environment,Beijing 100044,China;Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院,北京100044 [2]国家体育总局冬季运动管理中心,北京100044 [3]结构风工程与城市风环境北京市重点实验室,北京100044 [4]北京体育大学,北京100084

出　　处：《空气动力学学报》2022年第6期38-44,共7页Acta Aerodynamica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“科技冬奥”重点专项(2019YFF0301904,2020YFF0304604);高等学校学科创新引智计划(B13002)。

摘　　要：滑行阶段的风阻力是影响雪橇项目竞技成绩的重要因素,根据雪橇国家集训队10名运动员的风洞测试结果,对雪橇项目在滑行阶段的风阻力特性进行了研究,为提高该项目的竞技水平提供了支持。测试结果表明,当滑行速度超过20 m/s时,雪橇运动员风阻面积系数C_(D)A的雷诺数效应可以忽略;受窄道效应影响,风洞测试中增加赛道后,雪橇运动员受到的风阻力增加12%;运动员抬头调整滑行线路时,风阻力将增加16%,将头部倾斜有利于减小风阻力的不利影响,此时,风阻力仅增加10%;绷脚尖和翘脚尖姿态下的风阻力相差27%,对成绩影响很大,运动员应尽量保持脚尖绷紧,在绷脚尖的同时,将小腿下倾有利于减小风阻力。The aerodynamic drag of luge athletes during gliding is an important factor in improving the performance of the luge competition.Based on the wind tunnel test results of 10 athletes of the National Luge Team,the aerodynamic drag characteristics of the athletes during gliding are studied.The results show that the Reynolds number effect on the drag area coefficient(C_(D)A) of the athletes can be ignored during sliding when the sliding speed exceeds 20 m/s.The aerodynamic drag is increased by 12% after installing the track due to the narrow tunnel effect.When athletes raise their heads to adjust the gliding line,the aerodynamic drag can be increased by 16%,but tilting their heads can help reduce the negative effect on the aerodynamic drag,with the aerodynamic drag only increased by 10%.There is 27% difference in the aerodynamic drag between the toe-tight position and the toe-up position,which can have a great effect on the performance of the athletes.In addition,lowering the calf while keeping the point toes position is an effective way to reduce the aerodynamic drag for the luge athletes.

关 键 词：雪橇项目 风洞试验 滑行姿态 风阻力 减阻 

分 类 号：V211.7[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程] G862.9[文化科学—体育训练]