中国大麦贸易状况及影响因素分析  

Analysis on the Status and Influencing Factors of China's Barley Trade

作　　者：刘阳 吕晓英 Liu Yang;Lyu Xiaoying(Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206)

机构地区：[1]北京农学院,北京102206

出　　处：《农业展望》2022年第9期99-104,共6页Agricultural Outlook

基　　金：农业部大麦产业项目子课题“大麦青稞产业经济跟踪分析与政策研究”。

摘　　要：大麦营养丰富、用途广泛,是中国重要的农产品,其国际贸易的安全问题至关重要。根据联合国商品贸易统计数据库数据分析中国大麦进出口现状得出,中国是大麦净进口国,进口来源集中度高,进口量大且整体波动上升,而出口总量少。在此基础上,探讨中国大麦的供给和需求情况,认为中国大麦供给能力不足,需求规模仍呈现增长趋势,国内大麦市场存在供需不平衡状况,推动国内外大麦价格差的形成,这是中国大麦进口的重要原因。基于此,从加大政策资金投入,对国内大麦的生产给予扶持;研发生产技术,提升大麦生产的专业化水平;推动进口来源多元化,探索新的贸易伙伴等方面提出了保障大麦产量和生产环境、降低大麦进口风险的对策建议。Barley is an important agricultural product in China because of its rich nutrition and wide use,and the international trade security of barley is very important.According to the data of the United Nations commodity trade statistics database(UN Comtrade),the current situation of China's barley import and export was analyzed,it was found that China is a net importer of barley,with high concentration of import sources,large import volume and overall fluctuation,while the total export volume is small.On this basis,the supply and demand of barley in China were discussed.It was believed that the supply capacity of China's barley is insufficient,while the demand scale of China's barley still shows an increasing trend,there is an imbalance between supply and demand in China's barley market,this promotes the formation of price differences at home and abroad,and which is an important reason for China's barley import.Based on this,some countermeasures and suggestions to ensure barley yield and production environment and reduce the risk of barley import were put forward,from increasing policy financial investment to support domestic barley production;researching and developing production technology to improve the specialization level of barley production;promoting the diversification of import sources,and exploring new trading partners,and so on.

关 键 词：大麦 进口 供需 国内外价格差 

分 类 号：F323.7[经济管理—产业经济] F752.61