疫情防控中农产品流通堵塞原因、短期应对与长期设想  

Reasons,Short-term Countermeasures and Long-term Assumptions for the Blockage of Agricultural Products Circulation in Covid-19 Prevention and Control

作　　者：王昕天 荆林波[3] WANG Xin-tian;JING Lin-bo(National Strategy of Economics,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100028,China;Business School,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,Zhejiang,China;China Academy of Social Sciences Evaluation,Beijing 100732,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院财经战略研究院,北京市100028 [2]宁波大学商学院,浙江宁波315211 [3]中国社会科学院中国社会科学评价研究院,北京市100732

出　　处：《中国流通经济》2022年第12期55-67,共13页China Business and Market

基　　金：浙江省省属高校基本科研业务费专项资金“电子商务驱动农业产业链数字化转型研究”(SJWY2022007);农业农村部委托课题“疫情防控背景下电商促进农产品流通数字化的作用机制和发展趋势研究”(NYK202206034)。

摘　　要：电商在新冠肺炎疫情防控中对保障农产品流通发挥了重要作用。基于相关理论和实践分析新冠肺炎疫情防控中的农产品流通堵塞及其原因,提炼农产品应急流通渠道基本结构,探究电商驱动农产品流通体系转型的机理,构建电商驱动的数字化农产品流通体系基本模型。研究发现,当前批发市场在我国农产品流通中居于核心位置,在信息扩散、物流整合、商流对接等方面发挥重要作用,而新冠肺炎疫情防控期间导致农产品流通堵塞的主要原因就是批发市场封闭和干线物流成本高企所带来的物理空间上的流通不畅。鉴于此,从短期看,应考虑在虚拟空间(涉及商流和信息流)上加以改进,建立农产品应急流通渠道;从长期看,应充分发挥电商的驱动作用,推动农产品流通体系数字化转型,实现对农产品流通信息的高效传递、对商流的强化支撑、对物流与人流运作的有效指引。这种电商驱动的农产品流通体系数字化转型强调以市场需求为导向,通过促进农产品流通供应链体系的多元化升级、农产品流通数据平台的整合连通、农产品流通服务平台的协同发展,提高农产品流通体系的效率和抗风险能力。为更好地实现农产品流通体系数字化转型,应加强对农产品批发市场的现代化改造和数字化升级,统筹做好公路交通保通保畅工作,重点保障农产品干线物流运作,充分发挥电商平台、涉农企业、社会组织等市场主体的作用,鼓励其共同参与农产品流通保障工作。E-commerce has played an important role in the prevention and control of the COVID-19 to ensure the circulation of agricultural products.Based on relevant theories and practices,the authors analyze the agricultural products circulation congestion and its causes in the prevention and control of COVID-19,refine the basic structure of agricultural products emergency circulation channels,explore the mechanism of e-commerce driven transformation of agricultural products circulation system,and build a basic model of e-commerce driven digital agricultural products circulation system.The study found that the current wholesale market plays an important role in information diffusion,logistics integration,business flow docking and other aspects in the circulation of agricultural products in China,and the main reason for the blockage of agricultural products circulation during the prevention of the COVID-19 is that the lock down of the wholesale market and the high logistics cost of the trunk line in the physical aspect of the circulation.In view of this,in the short term,we should consider improving the virtual aspect(involving business flow and information flow)and establishing emergency circulation channels for agricultural products;in the long run,we should give full play to the driving role of e-commerce,promote the digital transformation of agricultural products circulation system,and achieve efficient transmission of agricultural products circulation information,strengthen support for business flow,and effectively guide the operation of logistics and people flow.This e-commerce driven digital transformation of agricultural products circulation system emphasizes market demand orientation,and improves the efficiency and risk resistance of agricultural products circulation system by promoting the diversified upgrading of agricultural products circulation supply chain system,the integration and connectivity of agricultural products circulation data platforms,and the collaborative development of agricultural products circu

关 键 词：疫情防控 农产品流通 电子商务 应急流通渠道 数字化转型 

分 类 号：F724.7[经济管理—产业经济]