基于混粉内冲液的微细电火花深小孔加工  

Deep and Small Hole Drilling by Micro EDM Based on Internal Flushing Mixed Powder

作　　者：刘文 高聪明 陈烨 夏恒[2] 余祖元[1] LIU Wen;GAO Congming;CHEN Ye;Natsu Wataru;YU Zuyuan(School of Mechanical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China;Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering,Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology,Tokyo 184-8588,Japan)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学机械工程学院,辽宁大连116024 [2]东京农工大学机械系统工程系,日本东京184-8588

出　　处：《电加工与模具》2022年第6期12-20,31,共10页Electromachining & Mould

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2017-VII-0004-0097);国家自然科学基金项目(91860134)。

摘　　要：电火花深小孔加工常采用管电极内冲液的方式促进电蚀产物排出,以提高加工速度、深小孔的加工质量和深径比。以自来水为工作液开展实验,首先通过正交试验确定深小孔加工的最优参数;然后在工作液中分别混入不同磨料,对比分析不同磨料对深小孔加工效果的影响。结果发现:添加半导体磨料有利于提高加工效率、减小孔的锥度并降低孔壁表面粗糙度值,而添加绝缘体磨料有利于降低电极损耗;混粉浓度和磨料粒径对加工效率、电极损耗、孔径及孔壁表面粗糙度均有明显影响;射流磨料对工件产生磨蚀效果并在孔壁表面留下刮痕,可减少或去除电火花加工表面的重铸层。In the drilling of deep and small holes by electrical discharge machining(EDM),the method of flushing through the tube electrode is often used to remove the debris in EDM,consequently to improve the drilling speed,quality and the aspect ratio of small hole.In this paper,the drilling parameters of deep and small hole in the tap water used as the working fluid were optimized by orthogonal experiments.Different types of abrasives were added into the working fluid.The effect of abrasives on the machining performance of deep and small holes was compared and analyzed by extensive experiments.It was found that the addition of semi-conductive abrasives is beneficial to improve the drilling efficiency,reduce the taper of hole and the surface roughness of the hole,while the addition of insulative abrasives is beneficial to reduce the electrode wear.The powder concentration and the abrasive particle size have significant impacts on the drilling efficiency,electrode wear,diameter of hole and surface roughness of the hole.In addition,the fast moving abrasives in the working liquid have a scratching effect on the workpiece surface tool reduce or remove the recast layer on the hole side surface generated by EDM.

关 键 词：微细电火花加工 混粉加工 内冲液 深小孔加工 

分 类 号：TG661[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]