抗、感西瓜根系分泌物鉴定及对枯萎病菌生长的影响  

Identification of root exudates from resistant and susceptible watermelon varieties and their effects on growth of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.niveum

作　　者：张玉锦 周文丽 崔梦娇 耿二康 苗巧艺 杨嵩涵 吕桂云[1] ZHANG Yujin;ZHOU Wenli;CUI Mengjiao;GENG Erkang;MIAO Qiaoyi;YANG Songhan;LÜ Guiyun(College of Horticulture,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学园艺学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2022年第12期33-39,共7页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31872132);河北省现代农业产业技术体系设施蔬菜创新团队项目(HBCT2021030213);河北省研究生教育质量提升项目(KCJSX2022048)。

摘　　要：为探究西瓜根系分泌物与枯萎病菌互作关系,以2个感病和2个抗病西瓜品种为材料,采用水培法和气相色谱-质谱仪分析抗、感品种在不接种和接种枯萎病菌条件下,根系分泌物的变化及对病原菌生长的影响。结果表明,抗、感西瓜根系分泌物共检测出10类、25种物质。只在抗病品种中鉴定到的物质为十一烷和苯酚,接菌后含量减少;只在感病品种中鉴定到二十烷、硅烷、棕榈酸、癸二酸双酯、2-戊烯二酸、3-羟基-2,4,6-三溴苯甲醛和D-甘露醇,ZJ(S)接菌后二十烷含量增加,2种感病材料接菌后除D-甘露醇含量外均增加,除此外,接菌后其他物质含量均减少。抗、感品种均含有的物质为十八烷酸和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯,接菌后,抗病品种中十八烷酸含量增多,邻苯二甲酸二丁酯含量减少;感病品种中两种物质含量均减少。因此推测十八烷酸可能与抗病有关,D-甘露醇可能与感病有关。抗病品种根系分泌物抑制病原菌菌丝生长、孢子萌发和产孢,未接菌与对照相比,抑制率为37.02%~77.87%、13.51%~40.54%和17.11%~58.14%,并在接菌后抑制作用增强。感病品种根系分泌物促进病原菌菌丝生长、孢子萌发和产孢,未接菌与对照相比,促进率为19.87%~67.11%、21.18%~81.82%和15.38%~72.00%,并在接菌后3~9 d促生作用增强。研究结果为阐明根系分泌物与枯萎病菌互作提供了理论依据。Root exudates of two susceptible varieties and two resistant varieties of watermelons under inoculation of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.niveum(Fon)and uninoculation were collected to analyze the ingredient and the influence on growth of Fon.The results showed that the root exudates of resistant and susceptible watermelon varieties contain 25 substances in 10 categories.Undecane and phenol were detected only in the root exudates of the resistant varieties,which decreased after inoculation of Fon.Eicosane,silane,palmitic acid,sebacic acid diesters,2-pentenoic acid,3-hydroxy-2,4,6-tribromobenzaldehyde and D-Mannitol were detected only in the root exudates of the susceptible varieties,the content of eicosane in ZJ(S)increased after inoculation,and the content of D-mannitol in the two susceptible materials increased after inoculation,except that the content of other substances decreased after inoculation Octadecanoic acid and dibutyl phthalate were both detected in the root exudates of the resistant and susceptible varieties.After inoculation,the content of octadecanoic acid in resistant varieties increases and the content of dibutyl phthalate decreases;The contents of both substances in susceptible varieties decreased.Octadecanoic acid may be related to the resistance of watermelon to Fon,D-Mannitol may be related to the susceptibility of watermelon to Fon.The root exudates from resistant variety inhibited the growth of Fon.Compared with control,the inhibitory rates under uninoculation on mycelium growth,spore germination and spore production were 37.02%-77.87%,13.51%-40.54%and 17.11%-58.14%.The effect was enhanced under inoculation of Fon.The root exudates from susceptible variety promoted the Fon growth.Compared with control,the promotion rates under uninoculation on mycelium growth,spore germination and spore production were 19.87%-67.11%,21.18%-81.82%and 15.38%-72.00%.The growth promoting effect was enhanced 3~9 days after inoculation.The results provided a basis for clarifying the interaction between root exudates an

关 键 词：西瓜 枯萎病 尖孢镰刀菌 根系分泌物 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学]