氮磷钾配施对贵州高山甘蓝产量、养分吸收及利用的影响  

N,P and K fertilization affects yield,nutrient absorption and utilization of alpine vegetable cabbage of Guizhou Province

作　　者：魏全全 芶久兰[1] 张萌[1] 顾小凤 柳玲玲[1] WEI Quanquan;GOU Jiulan;ZHANG Meng;GU Xiaofeng;LIU Lingling(Institute of Soil and Fertilizer,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,贵阳550006

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2022年第12期40-46,共7页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目“威宁‘三白’绿色高效养分管理关键技术研究与示范”(黔科合支撑[2020]1Y091号)。

摘　　要：探讨氮磷钾配施对贵州高山甘蓝产量、养分吸收动态及利用的影响,为甘蓝高产提供科学推荐施肥依据。以中甘101为试验材料,采用“3414”大田试验,研究不同氮磷钾配施对甘蓝产量、经济效益、养分吸收及利用的影响。结果表明,不同处理甘蓝产量随生育期推进呈持续增加趋势,T11(N_(3)P_(2)K_(2))处理甘蓝产量最高,为94363.00 kg·hm^(-2);各处理甘蓝生物量随着生育时期推进呈现先缓慢升高后快速升高最后缓慢升高的“S”形曲线;所有处理的甘蓝氮、磷和钾含量随生育期的延长呈现降低趋势;所有处理的甘蓝氮素、磷素和钾素累积量与生物量趋势相似;不同处理的氮磷钾养分利用效率不同。综合甘蓝产量、经济效益、养分吸收及利用效率,T6(N_(2)P_(2)K_(2),N∶P_(2)O_(5)∶K_(2)O的质量比为225∶150∶225)处理可作为基于本试验条件下较适宜的施肥用量。To provide a theoretical basis for the scientific recommendation of fertilization for the high yield of alpine cold vegetable cabbage in Guizhou,a“3414”field experiment was performed to explore the effects of fertilization on the yield,nutrient absorption dynamics and utilization of alpine cold vegetable cabbage.By using cabbage as experimental material,a field experiment was conducted in Weining County,Guizhou Province to study the effects of different nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P)and potassium(K)on the yield,economic benefits,nutrient accumulation and fertilizer utilization of cabbage in Guizhou Province.The results showed that the yield of cabbage with different treatments increased continuously with the growth period,and the yield of cabbage in T11(N_(3)P_(2)K_(2))treatment was 94363.00 kg·hm^(-2),which was higher than other treatments.The cabbage biomass of all treatments showed an“S”pattern of first slowly increasing,then rapidly increasing and finally slowly increasing with the growth period.Under different fertilization treatments,the contents of N,P and K in cabbage decreased with the extension of growth period.The accumulation of N,P and K in cabbage with different treatments showed an“S”curve of rapid increase at first and then slow increase with the advance of growth period.The N,P and K use efficiency varied in treatments.Based on the comprehensive yield,economic benefits,nutrient absorption and utilization,T6 treatment(N_(2)P_(2)K_(2),N:P_(2)O_(5):K_(2)O=225:150:225)can be used as a more appropriate fertilization amount under the experimental conditions.

关 键 词：甘蓝 “3414”试验 高山冷凉蔬菜 产量 养分吸收利用 

分 类 号：S635.1[农业科学—蔬菜学] S606.2[农业科学—园艺学]