粗硒蒸硒渣有价金属综合回收试验研究  

Study on comprehensive recovery of valuable metals from distilled selenium slag

作　　者：孔德颂 罗劲松 夏挺 向成喜 王选兵 蒋文豪 朱云[2] 徐瑞东[2] KONG De-song;LUO Jin-song;XIA Ting;XIANG Cheng-xi;WANG Xuan-bing;JIANG Wen-hao;ZHU yun;XU Rui-dong(Southwestern Copper Branch, Yunnan Copper Co., Ltd.;Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology)

机构地区：[1]云南铜业股份有限公司西南铜业分公司,云南昆明650000 [2]昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院,云南昆明650093

出　　处：《中国有色冶金》2022年第6期31-39,共9页China Nonferrous Metallurgy

基　　金：云南铜业股份有限公司西南铜业分公司-昆明理工大学校企合作项目(XNTY-研发-11-2021-0046)。

摘　　要：粗硒蒸硒渣是粗硒真空蒸馏过程产生的一种副产物,富含铜、铅、硒、碲、金、银、铂和钯等有价金属,是回收贵金属的重要原料之一。该渣中硒、碲含量高且以多种物相结构存在,并与铜、金、银等形成互化物和包裹体结构,限制铜、铅、硒、碲等组分的选择性脱除,制约了其综合回收主干技术路线的选择。本文提出采用“两段氧化焙烧-常压碱浸和硝酸浸出”工艺,一段氧化焙烧-常压浸出可实现碲的较完全浸出,二段氧化焙烧-常压浸出可以实现脱硒,稀硝酸浸出可以除去渣中的铜和铅,从而实现贵金属富集。经过3段简单的工序,在几乎不损失贵金属的前提下,硒的脱除率达到92.72%,碲达到95.84%,铜达到95.43%,铅达到99.57%,该工艺为粗硒蒸硒渣中的贵金属与贱金属的分离提供了一条切实可行的路线。As a by-product from vacuum distillation of crude selenium,distilled selenium slag is enriched in copper,lead,selenium,tellurium,gold,silver,platinum,palladium and other valuable metals and is an important resource for precious metals recovery.The high content of selenium and tellurium,as well as their presence in multiple phase structures,and the formation of intercalation and inclusions with copper,gold and silver have limited the selective removal of copper,lead,selenium,tellurium,etc.from the slag.To achieve subsequent enrichment of precious metals,the process flow of “two-stage oxidation roasting-atmospheric alkaline leaching and nitric acid leaching” was proposed to treat the slag,in which,the primary oxidation roasting-atmospheric leaching can completely leach tellurium out,the secondary oxidation roasting-atmospheric leaching can realize selenium removal,the nitric acid leaching can remove copper and lead.After the three simple steps,the removal rate of selenium,tellurium,copper and lead can reach 92.72%,95.84%,95.43%,99.57%,resp.The process has provided a feasible way for separating precious metals from base metals in distilled selenium slag.

关 键 词：粗硒蒸硒渣 贵金属回收 贱金属分离 铜、铅、硒、碲回收 氧化焙烧-常压碱浸 硝酸浸出 资源利用 

分 类 号：TF843.5[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] X758[环境科学与工程—环境工程]