二冲程对置发动机工作特性研究  

Experimental Study on the Characteristics of a Two-Stroke Opposed Engine

作　　者：李志鹏 张付军[1] 刘波澜[1] 赵振峰[1] LI Zhipeng;ZHANG Fujun;LIU Bolan;ZHAO Zhenfeng(School of Mechanical Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学机械与车辆学院,北京100081

出　　处：《北京理工大学学报》2023年第1期54-60,共7页Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology

基　　金：深圳市科技创新基金项目(JCYJ20170817114345260)。

摘　　要：二冲程对置发动机以其良好的功重比广泛应用于无人机、无人车等领域,采用火花点燃的工作方式使之更适合采用汽油为工作介质。文中针对装备应用需采用航空煤油的技术需求,进行了不同介质(煤油和汽油),不同喷射系统(夹气燃油喷射和气道喷射)之间的试验对比.结果表明:燃料同为汽油时,在不同节气门开度工况下,采用夹气喷射的发动机动力性优于气道喷射;只有夹气方式可以使煤油实现冷起动;进行了夹气煤油整机配机试验,在高转速工况下,节气门开度由30%提高至80%,发动机的功率和扭矩分别约增加了10 kW和65 N·m,工作过程与传统的火花点燃式发动机几近相同;最后探究了节气门控制在50%,夹气方式下煤油与汽油的性能差异对比,表明采用汽油燃料的动力性更优,功率和扭矩分别约增加了5 kW和35 N·m.Two-stroke opposed engines are widely used in unmanned aerial vehicles and other fields due to their excellent power-to-weight ratio.The working method of spark ignition makes them more suitable for gasoline as the active medium.Aiming at the technical requirement of using aviation kerosene for equipment development,a test comparison was carried out between different media(kerosene and gasoline)and different injection systems(air-entrained fuel injection and port injection).The results show that when the fuel is the same as gasoline,under other throttle valve opening conditions,the engine power with air-entrainment infusion is better than port injection;only the air-entrainment method can make kerosene realize cold start;In the machine test,under highspeed conditions,the throttle opening is increased from 30%to 80%,and the power and torque are increased by about 10 kW and 65 N·m respectively.The working process is almost the same as a traditional spark ignition engine;Finally,the performance difference between kerosene and gasoline under the air-entrainment mode with the throttle valve controlled at 50%was explored,which showed that the power performance of gasoline fuel was better,and the power and torque were increased by about 5 kW and 35 N·m,respectively.

关 键 词：二冲程 对置发动机 夹气喷射 煤油 

分 类 号：TK421.4[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]