北言南语:《红楼梦》的南北字词文化探析——以几组字词为例  

A Cultural Exploration of Northern and Southern Words and Phrases in A Dream of Red Mansion——Taking Several Groups of Words as Examples

作　　者：陈修娇 CHEN Xiu-jiao(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学文学院,北京100081

出　　处：《汕头大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2022年第4期13-20,94,共9页Journal of Shantou University(Humanities and Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：《红楼梦》是南北文化集大成之作,其文本字词亦体现南北文化杂糅的倾向。本文以糖蒸酥酪与风干栗子、炕与杌子、爷与爹三组字词为研究对象,指出酥酪是具有北方特色的饮食,《红楼梦》中的糖蒸酥酪更是燕京风味小吃,风干栗子则为南方风味,二者同时出现在第十九回中,为南北饮食在《红楼梦》中融合的体现;炕为北方常见的器具,《红楼梦》中的炕在特定场景更是北京高级住宅的室内装修,杌子则是南北通用的家具,《红楼梦》的装修风格未有强烈的地域色彩,而是南北兼修;爷与爹都是对父亲的称谓,南北皆有,亦可作为《红楼梦》南北文化交融的例证。此类字词并不影响小说情节的发展,但体现了《红楼梦》文化交融的一面,对诸字词的分析有助于进一步了解《红楼梦》所蕴含的文化风俗。A Dream of Red Mansion integrates cultures of northern and southern China, which is reflected in its language. This article focuses on the nineteenth chapter of the novel, mainly analyzing three pairs of words and phrases: steamed crispy cheese with sugar and air-dried chestnuts,kang and stool, and Ye and Die. The article argues that steamed crispy cheese with sugar in A Dream of the Red Mansion is a Yanjing snack,and air-dried chestnut is a southern flavor, so their coexistence in the novel implies the merging of northern and southern diets. Kang is commonplace in the North, but stool is used in both North and South, so in terms of decoration and furniture the novel does not show strong regional color. Both Ye and Die are terms of endearment for the father used in both North and South, and are examples of cultural merging. The analysis of these words and phrases furthers our understanding of the cultural customs represented in A Dream of the Red Mansion.

关 键 词：《红楼梦》 南北文化 字词 酥酪 

分 类 号：I242.4[文学—中国文学]