荒漠植物内生菌多样性及其增强农作物抗旱和耐盐性的研究进展  

Research Progress in Diversity of Endophytes Microbial Communities Isolated from Desert Plants and Their Strengthening Effects on Drought and Salt Tolerance in Crops

作　　者：伊帕热·帕尔哈提 祖力胡玛尔·肉孜 田永芝[1] 朱艳蕾[1] 李远婷[1] 马晓林[1] YIPARE·Paerhati;ZULIHUMAER·Rouzi;TIAN Yong-zhi;ZHU Yan-lei;LI Yuan-ting;MA Xiao-lin(Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology,Key Laboratory of Special Environment Biodiversity Application and Regulation in Xinjiang,School of Life Sciences,Xinjiang Normal University,Urumqi 830054)

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学生命科学学院新疆特殊环境物种保护与调控生物学实验室新疆特殊环境物种多样性应用与调控重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830054

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2022年第12期88-99,共12页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31860129);新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研计划(XJEDU2021Y036)。

摘　　要：与内生菌共生是荒漠植物应对极端环境的重要策略。内生菌可促进宿主植物抗旱和耐盐生长,且荒漠植物内生菌可以相似方式促进非宿主农作物的抗逆生长,有望解决极端环境下粮食减产问题。本文综述了近年来荒漠植物来源的内生菌种类及其宿主植物多样性,并从植物-微生物共生互作的生理(激素、代谢物、抗氧化物及渗透势调节)到分子(酶和基因)水平,系统分析了内生菌对宿主及非宿主农作物发挥协同抗旱和耐盐的作用机制。结合本课题组多年从事荒漠植物内生菌的研究进展,在获得大量具有促生抗逆功能的菌株并探明其作用方式的基础上,为荒漠生态植被恢复及农业可持续发展探索备选方案。Endophytes symbiosis is an important strategy for desert plant to resist to extreme environments.Endophytes promotes the drought resistance and salt tolerance of host plants,and can also improve the stress resistance of non-host crops in the similar way,which is expected to solve the problem of grain yield reduction in extreme environments.This paper summarized the species of endophytes from desert plants and the diversity of their host plants in recent years.From the physiological level of plant-microbial symbiotic interaction(hormone,metabolite,antioxidant and osmotic potential regulation)to the molecular(enzyme and gene)level,it systematically analyzed the mechanism of synergistic drought resistance and salt tolerance of endophytes on host and non-host crops.Combined with the research progress of desert plant endophytes engaged in by our research group for many years,on the basis of obtaining a large number of strains with growth promoting and stress resistance function and exploring their mode of action,we put forward positive alternative schemes for desert ecological vegetation restoration and agricultural sustainable development.

关 键 词：荒漠植物 内生菌 农作物 抗旱耐盐 抗逆响应基因 

分 类 号：S182[农业科学—农业基础科学]